A/77/189 land systems. 5 The 2030 Agenda further calls for international cooperation to achieve sustainable development and contains references to orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration, as well as to climate change. 24. There are also many policy processes and instruments that address important aspects of climate change. For example, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 contains references to climate change-related migration. This instrument focuses on reducing disaster risks, strengthening disaster risk governance and enhancing disaster preparedness, especially for people in vulnerable situations. It further includes guiding principles that call for the promotion and protection of all human rights and the development of coherent policies covering climate change, disaster risk reduction and sustainable development agendas. 25. In the New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants of 2016 (General Assembly resolution 71/1), Heads of State and Government and High Representatives recognize the interconnection between migration, environment and climate change issues. They further recognize climate change as a driver of migration, address the issue of migration in response to environmental degradation and climate change and call for the creation and expansion of safe, regular pathways for migration. This recognition was considered a pivotal step towards migration policymaking processes to address climate and environmental migration challenges. 26. The Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration contains specific commitments to address the drivers that compel people to le ave their countries of origin in the context of disasters, climate change and environmental degradation, and to protect and assist those who leave their countries in such contexts (General Assembly resolution 73/195, annex). In objective 5 on enhancing availability and flexibility of pathways for regular migration, further details are provided on the commitment to cooperating to identify, develop and strengthen solutions for migrants compelled to leave their countries of origin owing to slow-onset natural disasters, the adverse effects of climate change, and environmental degradation. It is the first intergovernmentally negotiated agreement on international migration in which the linkages between migration and climate change, disasters and environmental degradation are recognized. 27. On the occasion of the first International Migration Review Forum, States adopted the Progress Declaration (General Assembly resolution 76/266, annex), one of the commitments of which centred on efforts to enhance and diversify the availability of pathways for safe, orderly and regular migration for migrants in vulnerable situations, as well as those affected by disasters, clima te change and environmental degradation. The need to conclude labour mobility agreements, optimize education opportunities, facilitate access to procedures for family reunification and regularize migrants in an irregular situation, in accordance with national laws, was further highlighted. 28. The Nansen Initiative, a State-led, multi-stakeholder, consultative process, specifically addressed cross-border migration in the context of natural disasters and climate change. Through its Agenda for the Protection of Cross-Border Displaced Persons in the Context of Disasters and Climate Change, endorsed by 109 States, the Initiative calls for the integration of human rights-based approaches in disaster risk reduction, adaptation measures and sustainable development efforts. It further calls for well-managed human mobility, including the broadened application of humanitarian protection measures and the use of planned relocation as a last resort (A/HRC/38/21, para. 35). __________________ 5 22-11278 See https://environmentalmigration.iom.int/migration-environment-and-climate-changesustainable-development-goals. 7/23