CCPR/C/JPN/CO/6 In line with the Committee’s previous concluding CCPR/C/JPN/CO/5, para. 23), the State party should: observations (see (a) Enhance victim identification procedures, particularly with regard to victims of forced labour, and provide specialized training to all law enforcement officers, including labour inspectors; (b) Vigorously investigate and prosecute perpetrators and, when convicted, impose penalties that are commensurate with the seriousness of the acts committed; (c) Enhance the current victim protection measures, interpretation services and legal support for claiming compensation. including Technical intern training programme 16. The Committee notes with concern that, despite the legislative amendment extending the protection of labour legislation to foreign trainees and technical interns, there are still a large number of reports of sexual abuse, labour-related deaths and conditions that could amount to forced labour in the technical intern training programme (arts. 2 and 8). In line with the Committee’s previous concluding observations (see CCPR/C/JPN/CO/5, para. 24), the State party should strongly consider replacing the current programme with a new scheme that focuses on capacity-building rather than recruiting low-paid labour. In the meantime, the State party should increase the number of on-site inspections, establish an independent complaint mechanism and effectively investigate, prosecute and sanction labour trafficking cases and other labour violations. Involuntary hospitalization 17. The Committee is concerned that a large number of persons with mental disabilities are subject to involuntary hospitalization on very broad terms and without access to an effective remedy to challenge violations of their rights and that hospitalization is reportedly prolonged unnecessarily by the absence of alternative services (arts. 7 and 9). The State party should: (a) Increase community-based or alternative services for persons with mental disabilities; (b) Ensure that forced hospitalization is imposed only as a last resort, for the minimum period required, and only when necessary and proportionate for the purpose of protecting the person in question from harm or preventing injury to others; (c) Ensure an effective and independent monitoring and reporting system for mental institutions, aimed at effectively investigating and sanctioning abuses and providing compensation to victims and their families. Substitute detention system (Daiyo Kangoku) and forced confessions 18. The Committee regrets that the State party continues to justify the use of the Daiyo Kangoku by citing the lack of available resources and the efficiency of the system for criminal investigations. The Committee remains concerned that the absence of an entitlement to bail or a right to State-appointed counsel prior to the indictment reinforces the risk of extracting forced confessions in Daiyo Kangoku. Moreover, the Committee expresses concern at the absence of strict regulations regarding the conduct of interrogations and regrets the limited scope of mandatory video recording of interrogations proposed in the 2014 “report for reform plan” (arts. 7, 9, 10 and 14). 6