But even this review, does not note the minority dimension to the crisis. 15. When minorities are affected by a crisis, the effect of it has on them, the targeted nature of the violations must be explicitly identified by all actors, especially international agencies, responding to the crisis. 16. As called for in the draft recommendations minorities need to be effectively involved and participating in decision making at all levels of responding to the crisis. I would argue though that this is not enough, in addition, governments and international agencies need to adopt a minority rights approach to responding to a crisis. 17. In Sri Lanka for instance, The UNHCR and some other agencies when dealing with the crisis came up with the terms ‘new IDPs’ and ‘old IDPs’ the latter refers to Muslims and other displaced during the course conflict who were deprioritised in return and resettlement. This differentiation caused injustice and continues to raise tensions amongst groups. A minority rights approach would have avoided these problems. 18. Such an approach must also recognise the multiple and intersectional discrimination in a humanitarian crisis. 19. The UN reports on Sri Lanka have recorded evidence of sexual violence, including rape and torture, perpetrated during the humanitarian crisis, by the SL military on Tamil women, especially former combatants. The dehumanising nature of the torture and violations against women was intrinsically linked to their ethnic and gender identity as Tamil women. 20. Women will also be disproportionately affected in a crisis; women have told me of great risks they took to queue to get food for their children even in the knowledge that such spaces were targeted for attacks. 21. Tamil and Muslim women have said they regrettably married their daughters at a very young age as a means of protection. I have found that domestic violence rates are high for many of these women who had early marriages. 22. Minority groups also face cultural and religious rights violations in humanitarian crisis that go amiss. Muslim women, I have interviewed, spoke of the great difficulty they faced in displaced camps to maintain their socio-cultural norms, including specific forms

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