CRC/C/15/Add.204 page 2 (b) To increase enrolment and literacy rates, and the introduction of the mother tongue as a language of instruction in primary schools; (c) To develop programmes to improve girls’ access to education, including through participation in the African Girls Education Initiative; (d) To develop a strategy and programmes to combat female genital mutilation; (e) To provide alternative care, while avoiding institutionalization, of children that have been orphaned due to past armed conflicts. 4. The Committee welcomes the State party’s accession in 2001 to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction of 2001 and its ratification of ILO Convention, 1973 (No. 138) in 2000. C. Factors and difficulties impeding the implementation of the Convention 5. The Committee recognizes that the continuing effects of past armed conflicts as well as the current drought, poverty and structural adjustment programmes present difficulties with respect to the full implementation of the Convention in the State party. D. Principle areas of concern and recommendations 1. General measures of implementation Legislation 6. The Committee welcomes the creation of the Child Law Committee to examine the compatibility of domestic legislation with the Convention and also notes that the new Constitution generally conforms to the principles and provisions of the Convention. However, the Committee remains concerned that to a large extent customary laws and traditions, and in some cases newly enacted legislation and transitional codes still in force do not fully reflect the principles and provisions of the Convention. 7. The Committee recommends that the State party review transitional legislation, customary and local laws and adopt all necessary measures to ensure their compatibility with the principles and provisions of the Convention. The Committee also recommends that the State party ensure that legislation is effectively implemented. Coordination and national plans of action 8. The Committee welcomes the adoption of the National Programme of Action on Children for the periods 1996-2000 and 2002-2006 and the establishment of the National Committee on the Rights of the Child to coordinate activities for the implementation of the Convention. However, the Committee is concerned that this mechanism does not have sufficient resources to carry out its mandate.