A/HRC/20/33/Add.1 within public institutions, including the police and the judiciary. During a meeting held with the Ministry of Interior the Special Rapporteur was informed about initiatives developed both by the Police and the Ministry related inter alia to the recruitment of Roma to the police, racial prejudices, racially motivated crime, and “multicultural conflicts”. While such steps are welcomed, the Special Rapporteur is very concerned at reports received during the mission about the persistence of racial profiling against the Roma by the police; cases of police officers refusing to record Roma complaints and regularly abusing them verbally and physically; and disproportionate fines imposed by the police on Roma on a regular basis in breach of the law. Some interlocutors, including Roma victims themselves, also indicated that investigations of racist crime against Roma have been limited. Discriminatory behaviour by the police must stop, and Hungary must take concrete measures to end impunity for police misconduct. Furthermore, while discussing the judiciary with several interlocutors, including Roma individuals, the Special Rapporteur was told that Roma continue to experience racial discrimination and strong racial prejudice from within the judiciary, including from judges. It was reported that the situation is of particular concern in the criminal justice system. For instance, cases of Roma being sentenced more severely by the Courts were highlighted. (b) Employment 37. According to civil society representatives, Roma are often discriminated against in employment and as a result face a high rate of unemployment. The unemployment rate of Roma is estimated at 70 per cent, more than 10 times the national average;11 most are reported to live in extreme poverty. According to the authorities, an important solution to the integration of Roma is the creation of public jobs. However, civil society representatives argue that public jobs have produced limited results in reducing the Roma unemployment rate and lifting them out of poverty and social exclusion. The majority of Roma continue to be largely unemployed and dependent on social benefits. They also stressed that the number of public jobs available to Roma is very limited, and that these are short-term, low-skilled jobs, with low salaries, such as garbage collectors or street sweepers. In this regard the Special Rapporteur would like to express his extreme concern at information received subsequent to the mission about a public work programme implemented in Gyöngyöspata under which Roma had to work in inhuman circumstances under the surveillance of guards while receiving low salary for such jobs. (c) Education 38. Some measures have been initiated to tackle discrimination and segregation against Roma in the area of education, including for instance the 1993 Act LXXIX on Public Education, which prohibits segregation, the reconsideration of the configuration of catchment areas in cases where segregation occurs, as well as public education equal opportunity action plans, which according to the authorities is an obligation for the schools and the municipalities.12 In the city of Mohács where the Special Rapporteur met with the Office of the Mayor, the city Council created the General Education Center (Mohács Térségi Általános Művelődési Központ), the aim of which is to effectively prevent segregation in schools. Despite such initiatives the lack of equality in access to quality education for Roma persists. As witnessed by the Special Rapporteur, segregation of Roma children in the area of education and their poor educational achievements remain an issue 11 12 12 Minority Rights Group International, “World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous People – Hungary : Roma”, August 2009, available at http:www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/49749d143c.html A/HRC/WG.6/11/HUN/1, para. 15.