A/79/182 VI. Recommendations 76. The Special Rapporteur recommends that States: (a) Recall the numerous international normative instruments that recognize that peace is based on respect for freedom of religion or belief and respect for diversity of religions and beliefs; (b) Ensure that any actors – whether State actors or otherwise – who call for war or violence, including in the name of religion or belief, are brought to justice before an independent court of law and in line with international human rights standards, and that any victims are provided with adequate compensation; (c) Harmonize their constitutional and legal order with international human rights norms as they relate to freedom of religion or belief; (d) Protect all individuals, including persons belonging to religious or belief minorities, from being targeted on grounds of religion or belief and, further, ensure that State actors refrain from “securitizing” persons belonging to religious or belief minorities and communities, and instead treat them with equality; (e) Strictly protect against expansive laws and policies designed to counter terrorism and violent extremism that assign collective guilt or restrict manifestation of religion or belief; (f) Refrain from creating and sustaining false dichotomies between “security” and human rights, including of freedom of religion or belief; (g) Address human rights claims rapidly and robustly, including those from persons belonging to religious or belief minorities. This is necessary under human rights obligations, and it also stems the risk of repression and the exploitation of inequalities to build grievances that may be mobilized towards conflict; (h) Counter discrimination on grounds of religion or belief in laws, legislation, policy and practice; (i) Guarantee freedom of religion or belief fully and equally for all within their jurisdiction and in all their international and transnational actions; (j) Allow everyone freedom to have, adopt and change their religion or belief, in accordance with international human rights obligations, allow persons belonging to minorities the right to maintain their characteristics in line with international human rights standards, and recognize that the State must play a positive role in that regard to create an enabling environment to ensure the enjoyment of such rights, which assists in freeing up the collective conscience from manipulation, division, polarization and instrumentalization and is conducive to non-violence and peace; (k) Ensure everyone the freedom to manifest their thoughts, conscience and religion, including in community with others and in public. Any limitations to manifestation must be in strict compliance with the international framework for legitimate limitations; (l) Provide quality education for peace, including through the promotion of freedom of religion or belief, promote understanding of diversity among and within religious and belief communities, and advance public education and messaging supporting the vision of human diversity as an asset, approached with full respect and a positive attitude and not just tolerance; 24-13239 19/22