E/CN.4/1996/72/Add.3 page 19 Annex II SITUATION WITH REGARD TO MANIFESTATIONS OF RACISM AND ANTI-SEMITISM (excerpted from the National Consultative Commission on Human Rights 1994: La lutte contre le racisme et la xénophie , Paris, La documentation française, March 1995) KNOWN RACIST INCIDENTS Every year since 1980, the Ministry of the Interior and Land Use Management has compiled a summary of manifestations of racism and anti-Semitism in France, along with an analysis of their growth. These statistics make two types of distinction: Manifestations of anti-Semitism, when they are clearly intended as such - in other words, when French Jews are mentioned in claims of responsibility or are the motive for or target of such incidents - are covered by statistics that differ from those on racism in general, including antiMaghrebi racism. In manifestations of racism and anti-Semitism, the statistics distinguish between “acts”, i.e. violence against property and persons (attacks, injuries, deaths), and “threats” (graffiti, leaflets, tracts, letters, phone calls and the like). The same criteria have been used in these statistics for more than 10 years. It should be noted that they differ from those used by the Ministry of Justice, which compiles a summary of judicial measures taken to combat racism and xenophobia. For several years, the National Consultative Commission on Human Rights has been requesting that these criteria should be harmonized. Concerning the summary of manifestations of racism and anti-Semitism, the Ministry of the Interior makes the prefatory statement that any analysis dealing with the growth of racist and anti-Semitic violence comes up against problems of counting, despite careful checking. Several criteria are taken 1 into account, including the target, claims of responsibility, and arrests. As there are no specific indications of the approach taken during investigations, motivation is often difficult to determine. Anti-immigrant acts are not systematically racist. Similarly, racist violence in continental France and acts of violence against immigrants in Corsica are not based on exactly the same principles. 1 Although this type of violence is seldom claimed, except by telephone calls made on the occasion.