E/CN.4/1995/91 page 149 violence, including those motivated by religious extremism" and to "encouraging understanding, tolerance and respect in matters relating to freedom of religion or belief". The Special Rapporteur also recommends that 1995, which has been declared "United Nations Year for Tolerance", should provide an opportunity better to publicize the values of tolerance and non-discrimination. He believes that the Year should of course be marked by the appropriate initiatives and actions, but also by the organization, at a high State level, of an international congress on tolerance and non-discrimination in the sphere of religion and belief. The Special Rapporteur again stresses the importance of establishing a continuing interfaith dialogue to combat all forms of religious extremism by any religion whatsoever so as to guarantee religious tolerance both internationally and within States. Furthermore, the establishment of firm foundations for religious tolerance will require, as well as specific action in the sphere of education, the establishment of and respect for the rule of law and the proper functioning of democratic institutions, entailing in particular the execution of specific projects within the framework of the programme of advisory services. This edifice also requires respect for economic, social and cultural rights through the implementation of socio-economic measures designed to diminish inequalities and eradicate, in so far as possible, sources of friction and tension between religions. The Special Rapporteur has taken note of resolution 1994/18 of the Commission on Human Rights, which encourages him to examine the contribution that education can make to more effective promotion of religious tolerance, and has undertaken a number of consultations and studies (see chap. II) which have made it possible to confirm his initial conclusions regarding the role of education as an essential and primary means of combating intolerance and discrimination. As he pointed out in the previous report, education could contribute decisively to instilling the values that focus on human rights and on the emergence, among both individuals and groups, of attitudes and behaviour exhibiting tolerance and non-discrimination and thus participate in disseminating the culture of human rights. School, which is an essential component of the basic educational system, can provide a fertile and vital ground for achieving lasting progress with regard to tolerance and non-discrimination in the matter of religion or belief. The Special Rapporteur has therefore decided to carry out a study, by means of a questionnaire addressed to States, of issues relating to freedom of religion and belief from the angle of the curricula and manuals of primary or basic and secondary teaching establishments (see annex). The results of the study could make it possible to draw up an international school strategy to combat all forms of intolerance and discrimination based on religion or belief, which could centre on the elaboration and realization of a minimum joint programme of tolerance and non-discrimination. The Special Rapporteur has also made a number of recommendations regarding education for the Centre for Human Rights’ programme of advisory services.