offensive names for an individual or a community or names not freely chosen by the
individual or community concerned"
Adalah welcomes this provision, and suggests the insertion of additional text relating to the particular
stereotyping of girls and women from minority groups. Just as girls and women from minority groups
may be vulnerable to compound discrimination on the basis of both their national or ethnic belonging
and their sex, so they may also be subject to demeaning curricular materials on both of these bases.
In addition to the comments mentioned above, Adalah recommends that the following issues should
be added to the draft, as following:
1) The current draft lacks a recommendation for states to incorporate the right to education in
general and for minorities in particular into their constitutions and primary legislation.
2) In section I, text should be added to the definition of education as “a primary means by
which individuals and communities can sustainably lift themselves out of poverty” to further
state that education is a means of helping minorities to overcome historical injustice or
discrimination committed against them.
3) In section II, text should be added stipulating that every person is entitled to accessible, free
and high-quality education, and that states should take reasonable legislative and other
measures to achieve the progressive realization of this right.
4) The current draft states that, “Educational curricula should not include materials stereotyping
or demeaning minorities, and teachers and other education personnel should avoid the use of
offensive names for an individual or a community or names not freely chosen by the individual
or community concerned” (section VII. Content and delivery of the curriculum).
However, Adalah believes that this provision does not go far enough and suggests that
language be added that recommends the educational curricula taught to the non-minority
groups within the state should include materials designed to reduce stereotypes and racist
attitudes toward minorities.
5) While the current draft states that “Human rights education for all should be made an integral
part of the national educational experience” (section V. The learning environment), it is not
sufficient that there be national education on human rights and anti-discrimination, and states
must take measures to teach the narrative of the minority to other groups.
6) The Draft Recommendations do not but should stipulate the right of minorities to higher
educational institutions in which education is provided in their own language and in
accordance to curricula determined by the minorities.
7) The draft lacks language about the need for cultural and educational contacts between
minorities with members of their national group living outside their state, if they exist, in
accordance with Article 2(5) of the Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to
National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities), which provides that “Persons
belonging to minorities have the right to establish and maintain, without any discrimination,
free and peaceful contacts with other members of their group and with persons belonging to
other minorities, as well as contacts across frontiers with citizens of other States to whom