A/HRC/57/47 Indigenous Women with Disabilities, provides education on international instruments protecting Indigenous rights, including those of Indigenous persons with disabilities.96 83. In Indonesia, Mexico and Nepal, civil society organizations and Indigenous communities are working to address the challenges faced by Indigenous persons with disabilities, including the establishment of rehabilitation services and the promotion of autonomy and social inclusion, 97 community education, data collection and regional and global collaborations. 98 The Papua New Guinea Assembly of Disabled Persons – led by persons with disabilities – works to advocate for rights, educate and train various stakeholders across Papua New Guinea and provide technical assistance to shape activities aimed at inclusive development.99 84. The World Federation of the Deaf (in partnership with Citizen Data Development) is conducting research specifically tailored to deaf Indigenous women in the Plurinational State of Bolivia. The programme is conducted in collaboration with Indigenous women to gather information on their experiences, using culturally appropriate sign language interpreters to provide participants with training on their sexual and reproductive health rights and comprehensive sex education.100 IX. Conclusions and recommendations 85. Disability among Indigenous Peoples is profoundly shaped by the colonial past and societal and environmental barriers rather than individual impairments alone. Colonization has imposed dominant narratives that narrowly focus on individual impairments, often disregarding the community-oriented, holistic perspectives inherent in Indigenous knowledge systems. This misalignment exacerbates the challenges faced by Indigenous persons with disabilities, who encounter significant cultural and linguistic barriers to accessing their fundamental rights. 86. The disproportionately high numbers of persons with disabilities among Indigenous Peoples are driven by multiple factors, including environmental pollution and systemic poverty. These issues are compounded by historical and ongoing racial discrimination, which hinders their participation in society on an equal basis with others. The lack of disaggregated data and culturally appropriate disability support services leads to misdiagnosis in health care and inadequate care, perpetuating the cycle of disadvantage. 87. Indigenous women with disabilities face unique challenges due to the intersectionality of discrimination based on gender, race and disability. They often face higher rates of violence and limited access to education and health-care services, which underscores the need for culturally appropriate interventions in full consultation with them. Addressing the disparities in the promotion of the rights of Indigenous persons with disabilities requires a multifaceted approach that integrates Indigenous knowledge and practices into mainstream systems. 88. In addition, although the present report addresses the rights of Indigenous persons with disabilities, such rights cannot be understood or addressed comprehensively without taking into account the collective rights of Indigenous Peoples. Moving towards full equality involves, inter alia, promoting community-led initiatives, ensuring the availability of culturally appropriate services and fully implementing Indigenous Peoples’ rights, including the rights to self-determination and lands, territories and resources. 89. It is also essential to respect the right of Indigenous persons with disabilities to consultation and free, prior and informed consent, including through their 96 97 98 99 100 GE.24-12379 Submission from the Fund for the Development of the Indigenous Peoples of Latin America and the Caribbean. Submission from Mexico. See https://drafund.org/countries/indonesia-the-road-to-unity/ and https://nidwan.org.np/. See https://pngadp.weebly.com/#:~:text=WELCOME%20TO%20PAPUA%20NEW%20GUINEA%20. Submission from the World Federation of the Deaf. 17