A/71/325 Rapporteur calls upon all States to respect the commitments made in the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action, which is a comprehensive framework for action against racism, racial discrimination and xenophobia. B. Political measures 75. The Special Rapporteur calls upon States and all stakeholders to counter extremist political parties, movements and groups, including neo-Nazis, skinhead groups and similar extremist ideological movements. Greater vigilance from all relevant actors is therefore important, and this requires a comprehensive approach, based on a solid legal framework, complemented by other key measures, including education and awareness-raising programmes and victim-centred approaches, which should be further developed. Good practices, including some mentioned in the present report, should also be exchanged on a regular basis among all actors working in this field. 76. The Special Rapporteur reiterates his call on political leaders and parties to strongly condemn all messages disseminating ideas based on racial superiority or hatred, incitement to racial discrimination or xenophobia. These leaders should be aware of the moral authority they represent and should use it to promote tolerance and respect, refraining from forming coalitions with extremist parties of a racist or xenophobic character, and taking into account the need to ensure that political and legal systems reflect the multicultural character of their societies. C. Education and capacity-building 77. The Special Rapporteur recalls that education remains the most effective means of countering the negative influence that extremist political parties, movements and groups may have on young people. Recalling his 2013 thematic report, 4 he recommends that States recognize the important role of education in combating racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, particularly in promoting the principles of tolerance and respect for ethnic, religious and cultural diversity and preventing the proliferation of extremist racist and xenophobic movements and propaganda. Law enforcement officials and members of the judiciary should also have the capacity to address crimes motivated by racist, xenophobic, anti-Semitic or homophobic biases through the provision of comprehensive and mandatory human rights training, with a specific focus on racist and xenophobic crimes perpetrated by individuals linked to extremist political parties, groups and movements. D. Internet and social media 78. The Special Rapporteur reiterates his concerns regarding the increased use of the Internet and social media by extremist political parties, movements and groups to promote and disseminate racist content. 5 He calls upon States to __________________ 4 5 16-13939 A/HRC/23/56. A/HRC/26/49, sect. III. 17/20