A/68/283 observer and provides secretariat services for many of the major processes. The International Centre for Migration Policy Development also provides secretariat services for some of the processes. United Nations entities, including UNODC, UNHCR and ILO, are observers in some of the processes. 72. The main purpose of the regional consultative processes is the coordination of migration, presenting a forum for States to share information, not regulation. They thus take place behind closed doors, with little involvement on the part of civil society. Governments exchange what they consider best practices, including the technological advances that they have been able to make and the processes that they have adopted, and develop forms of cooperation. Often this will include a transfer in technology or training of personnel. Regional consultative processes may sometimes contribute to elaborating bilateral, regional or trans-regional agreements. However, given the informal nature of these mechanisms, there is no detailed record of the proceedings, and accountability is therefore difficult to track. Regional consultative processes generally do not focus on human rights, although human rights are on the agenda of some of them, including the Puebla Process and the South American Conference on Migration. 73. Regional consultative processes provide the same type of informal governance as the Global Forum on Migration and Development, namely informal structures not intended to lead to any normative changes or institutional developments. This type of approach often does not embrace the complexity of migration issues and can lead to a dilution of normative standards and a lack of accountability, monitoring and oversight, thus potentially negatively affecting the human rights of migrants. 74. This is evidenced, inter alia, in the agenda of many regional consultative processes, which are heavily focused on measures to control migration through aggressive border enforcement, a preference for precarious circular migration schemes and the restriction of any reference to human rights to the lowest common denominator. 75. Regional consultative processes are often characterized by power asymmetries, whereby the most powerful countries, often destination States, dominate the discussions. Some are trans-regional, bringing together States from different geographical regions, whereby the funding, training and knowledge often come from outside the region. The involved States often have different levels of development and economic strength, thus creating an uneven level for their bargaining power. 76. There are significant overlaps between several regional consultative processes, and this has been deemed unsustainable from a political, financial and human resources perspective. 9 The overlaps create a risk of duplication and contradiction, thus requiring enhanced coordination between the different processes. The majority of them are not linked to each other, and they have different agendas. Consequently, making them come together as a whole seems unlikely. There have, however, been some efforts at coordination between the principal regional consultative processes, __________________ 9 14/26 Communication from the European Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the Global Approach to Migration and Mobility, 18 November 2011. 13-42115