E/CN.4/1990/46 page 58 of religion or belief. Where the education of children in accordance with the religion or belief of their parents is concerned, the allegations received by the Special Rapporteur indicate the continued existence of restrictions on the enjoyment of this freedom. 106. As has already been noted, and as it becomes clear from careful analysis of the allegations transmitted to Governments by the Special Rapporteur in the present and previous reports, the infringements of the rights and freedoms embodied in the Declaration usually result in the infringement of other human rightss such as the right to life,, physical integrity, liberty and security of the person; freedom of movement; and freedom of opinion and expression. Indeed, many persons are still detained, either in prisons, labour camps or psychiatric hospitals, for reasons of religion or belief, while many more are silenced, persecuted or expelled from their countries on the same grounds. Persons held for religious reasons have in some cases allegedly been subjected to ill-treatment and to corporal punishment. Believers and members of the clergy of many denominations or persons holding certain beliefs continue, in a number of regions of the world, to be subjected to death threats, intimidation, physical assault, enforced re-education or enforced indoctrination. Most important, this year there has been an increase in alleged violations of the right to life in connection with the enjoyment of the rights and freedoms of religion and belief. In some cases, these violations affect individuals or groups and result from clashes with governmental forces; in others, they affect individuals or groups and result from communal clashes. In some cases, law enforcement authorities appear to have intervened in time to reduce the damage, in others it seems that they have not taken any measures; in yet others, they appear to have actively encouraged clashes. 107. The Special Rapporteur wishes to acknowledge the progress made by certain countries in introducing changes in their constitutional and legal systems in order to bring them into line with prevailing international standards in the field of religious rights and freedoms. He also wishes to express his satisfaction with improvements in the policies of certain Governments regarding matters of religion and conscience. The growing co-operation of Governments in the fulfilment of his mandate is also an encouraging development. However, infringements of the rights defined in the Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief seem to persist in most regions of the world, as illustrated in the allegations transmitted to Governments by the Special Rapporteur in the course of this year. They concern all the provisions of the Declaration. 108. Despite the above-mentioned negative trends, the Special Rapporteur wishes once more to express his satisfaction with the positive impact of the policy of openness and transparency in the sphere of religious freedom and manifestations of worship in Eastern Europe. The Special Rapporteur has particularly noted significant improvements in the relations between the Orthodox Church and the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Among the encouraging signs worth mentioning is the election of His Holiness the Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia and two church dignitaries as deputies to the Supreme Soviet, as well as the opening of more than 1,700 new Orthodox parishes; the opening of a new seminary at Zhiovitzy in the Minsk region which adds to the four existing ones in Smolensk, Minsk, Kishinev and Stavropol; the opening of the competition for the design of a Memorial Cathedral to