SUMMARY
le Development Go
nab
al
tai
4
us
.B
S
G LO B A L E D U C AT I O N M O N I TO R I N G R E P O R T 2 0 1 6
Scholarships
$
TARGET 4.B
T
arget 4.b, focusing on specific countries, does not appear consistent with a universal agenda. Like all the targets,
it aspires to reduce inequality between countries, but it could exacerbate inequality within countries because
scholarship beneficiaries tend to have advantaged backgrounds. In addition, many scholarship recipients do not
return to their countries. This would suggest that scholarships tend to support the higher education institutions of
richer countries instead of benefiting poorer ones.
Information collected
for this report from 54
government scholarship
programmes indicates that
some 25,000 scholarships
were offered in 2015
The formulation of target 4.b is lacking in several respects. It is recommended that
scholarships be counted as eligible only if they refer to study at higher education
institutions in countries other than students’ home countries and are at least
partly publicly funded.
The outbound mobility ratio, i.e. the number of students from a country studying
abroad, expressed as a percentage of total tertiary enrolment in that country, is
1.8% for developing countries. However, in some countries, notably among small
FIG U R E 1 5 :
Half of all aid for scholarships and imputed student costs is concentrated
in 13 middle income countries
100
Distribution of scholarships and imputed student costs by recipient country, 2014
China
80
Morocco
Least developed
countries and small
island developing
states, 386
60
India
Algeria
Turkey
US$996 million
Secondary
370
Primary
40
Tunisia
Cameroon
Viet Nam
162
20
Ukraine
Iran, Isl. Rep.
113
51
Oman
Egypt
Turks/Caicos Is
Trinidad/Tobago
Sint Maarten
St Vincent/Grenad.
Saint Lucia
St Kitts/Nevis
Montserrat
Jamaica
Grenada
Dominica
Curaçao
Cuba
Cayman Is
Br. Virgin Is
Barbados
Bahamas
Aruba
Antigua/Barbuda
Anguilla
Kyrgyzstan
Georgia
Armenia
Belarus
0
60
71
112
71
74
80
81
85
91
Brazil
Indonesia
Syrian A. R.
Other
Source: GEM Report team analysis (2016) using OECD DAC data.
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