G LO B A L E D U C AT I O N M O N I TO R I N G R E P O R T 2 0 1 6 SUMMARY BOX 1 20. Education expenditure per student by level of education and source of funding 21. Percentage of total aid to education allocated to low-income countries Target 4.6. By 2030, ensure that all youth and a substantial proportion of adults, both men and women, achieve literacy and numeracy 22. Percentage of population in a given age group achieving at least a fixed level of proficiency in functional (a) literacy and (b) numeracy skills, by sex [Global indicator 4.6.1] 23. Youth/adult literacy rate 24. Participation rate of youth/adults in literacy programmes Target 4.7. By 2030, ensure that all learners acquire the knowledge and skills needed to promote sustainable development, including, among others, through education for sustainable development and sustainable lifestyles, human rights, gender equality, promotion of a culture of peace and non-violence, global citizenship and appreciation of cultural diversity and of culture’s contribution to sustainable development 25. Extent to which (i) global citizenship education and (ii) education for sustainable development, including gender equality and human rights, are mainstreamed at all levels in (a) national education policies, (b) curricula, (c) teacher education and (d) student assessment [Global indicator 4.7.1] 26. Percentage of students by age group (or education level) showing adequate understanding of issues relating to global citizenship and sustainability 27. Percentage of 15-year-old students showing proficiency in knowledge of environmental science and geoscience 28. Percentage of schools that provide life skills-based HIV and sexuality education 29. Extent to which the framework on the World Programme on Human Rights Education is implemented nationally (as per UNGA Resolution 59/113) Target 4.a. Build and upgrade education facilities that are child, disability and gender sensitive and provide safe, non-violent, inclusive and effective learning environments for all 30-32. Percentage of schools with access to: (a) electricity, (b) the Internet for pedagogical purposes, (c) computers for pedagogical purposes, (d) adapted infrastructure and materials for students with disabilities, (e) basic drinking water; (f) single-sex basic sanitation facilities and (g) basic handwashing facilities (as per the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) indicator definitions) [Global indicator 4.a.1] 33. Percentage of students experiencing bullying, corporal punishment, harassment, violence, sexual discrimination and abuse 34. Number of attacks on students, personnel and institutions Target 4.b. By 2020, substantially expand globally the number of scholarships available to developing countries, in particular least developed countries, small island developing States and African countries, for enrolment in higher education, including vocational training and information and communications technology, technical, engineering and scientific programmes, in developed countries and other developing countries 35. Number of higher education scholarships awarded, by beneficiary country 36. Volume of official development assistance flows for scholarships by sector and type of study [Global indicator 4.b.1] Target 4.c. By 2030, substantially increase the supply of qualified teachers, including through international cooperation for teacher training in developing countries, especially least developed countries and small island developing states 37. Percentage of teachers qualified according to national standards, by education level and type of institution 38. Pupil/qualified teacher ratio, by education level 39. Proportion of teachers in: (a) pre-primary; (b) primary; (c) lower secondary, and (d) upper secondary education who have received at least the minimum organized teacher training (e.g. pedagogical) pre-service and in-service required for teaching at the relevant level in a given country [Global indicator 4.c.1] 40. Pupil/trained teacher ratio, by education level 41. Average teacher salary relative to other professions requiring a comparable level of education qualification 42. Teacher attrition rate, by education level 43. Percentage of teachers who received in-service training in the last 12 months, by type of training Source: UNESCO (2016). Education 2030 Incheon Declaration and Framework for Action: Towards Inclusive and Equitable Quality Education and Lifelong Learning for All. Paris, UNESCO. 37