A/HRC/46/34/Add.1
regeneration of public spaces in conditions of quality, equality, inclusiveness, accessibility
and universal design.16
50.
During her visit, the expert was also told about the use of public spaces for a range of
sporting activities, including play by organized sports teams. She was greatly impressed by
the regular, active use of the airfield in the morning and evening and on weekends as a shared
space for leisure, sports and games by women and men, both young and old. This space is of
particular relevance during the half-day per week for physical fitness that has been introduced
in the schedule of civil servants. Combined with awareness-raising messages on the
importance of exercise and a good diet, this practice fosters the rights to the highest attainable
standard of health, to take part in cultural life and to leisure, to be jointly realized and to
mutually reinforce each other. It also provides a time and space for spontaneous interactions
between generations and across professional and social backgrounds.
51.
However, public spaces for other forms of cultural activities seem to be very limited.
Tuvalu does not have any formal theatres, galleries or stages for artistic performances, nor
does it have bookshops or a publishing house. As songs and dances are very integrated within
public life, performances are usually held in the kaupules’ assembly space, but challenges
remain for regular training and practice. There is only one library, and it is located in the
capital. Reportedly, the space used as a cultural centre, which also hosted handicraft
workshops, has been taken over for other functions and no alternative space has been
provided. The lack of organized, available space for the exercise of such forms of cultural
expression may hinder their regular practice and transmission, limits the visibility and
awareness of those forms of expression and certainly makes access to such activities more
difficult.
52.
Having heard from numerous interlocutors about the importance for Tuvaluans of
their cultural identities and of their sense of pride in local and ancestral cultural expressions,
the Special Rapporteur encourages the Government to dedicate more attention to the
availability of safe and appropriate spaces for their expression. This should include the
availability of suitable physical infrastructure. All efforts in this direction could contribute to
improving the conditions for everyone to freely take part in the cultural life of their choice.
53.
She also invites the Government to consider becoming a party to the UNESCO
Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions. The
Convention not only provides a strong framework to support the diversity of cultural
expressions internally, but it is also an important instrument for promoting and protecting
such diversity internationally and fostering understanding and mutual acknowledgement
between States parties. Accordingly, becoming a party to the Convention could provide
important opportunities and networks for Tuvaluans to share their unique cultures with the
rest of the world.
54.
In terms of access to virtual spaces for the exercise of cultural rights, the Special
Rapporteur noted that Internet access was largely limited to the capital, was of poor quality
and was quite expensive. Increasing Tuvaluans’ access to virtual spaces would afford
important new opportunities for exercising cultural rights and for developing global and local
connections. In addition, social media could be an important channel for public and civil
society actors to increase the reach of awareness-raising campaigns about human rights,
including cultural rights.
55.
While she understands that there may be important connectivity challenges and high
costs linked to the development of broader and more reliable Internet access across the
country, the Special Rapporteur encourages the Government to continue its efforts to do so.
In this regard, she also recalls that virtual spaces, like any other public spaces, should be
governed by human rights principles, subject to the same regime of limitations recognized in
international human rights law for distinctive rights and be accessible to all without
discrimination. Public powers, to fulfil their human rights obligations, may need to take
measures to ensure access to and participation in cyberspace for all. The Special Rapporteur
16
12
A/74/255.