E/CN.4/2006/16/Add.3 page 15 49. The Quilombo Parateka has also received several death threats from the killers hired by the farmer who occupies their land. Even the prosecutor and the lawyers, were threatened during an audience on the case. Since five people have already been killed in the area, without anyone being sanctioned for the murders, the quilombo lives in fear. Without land to cultivate, and without food, many members were obliged to leave their community to find jobs to survive. Their lives are in the hands of the landowners and farmers, and they feel as if they are still slaves, without any rights. Despite the 2003 Presidential decree recognizing their rights as citizens, the acts of violence against them have increased. 50. In addition to the lack of recognition of their land, quilombo communities feel abandoned, as they are not provided with basic health, education and security infrastructure. Tourist operators invade their land damaging it severely with pollution and high levels of noise, gravely affecting the health of their population. The Federal funds allocated to the municipalities never reach them. Even when the quilombo gets the property title, it is the municipality that is in charge of managing the projects in areas such as housing and health and such projects are not always carried out. B. Indigenous communities 51. According to the latest Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) census of 2000 quoted by a number of NGOs, there are 734,127 indigenous peoples in Brazil. They were estimated at around 3 million in 1500 when Brazil was invaded. One thousand three hundred indigenous groups were totally eliminated and 235 are left today. Racism and discrimination have since prevailed against them, the most lasting manifestations of which are poverty and violence. Consequently, 383,298 (52 per cent) were obliged to abandon their land and live in the suburbs of large urban centres. The remaining 350,829 (48 per cent) live on their lands with daily socio-economic precariousness and insecurity. According to IBGE, while 15.5 per cent of the Brazilian population lives in extreme poverty, among indigenous people such percentage reaches 38 per cent. A process of destruction of the indigenous economy, way of life and identity accompanied the invasion of their lands. The President of FUNAI himself repeatedly denied indigenous identity to a part of the indigenous population, in violation of the right to self-identification of indigenous peoples recognized by the Constitution and the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 (No. 169). 52. According to the data provided by the Indigenous Missionary Council, the largest NGO dedicated to the protection of Indians, there are 842 indigenous lands in Brazil. While the Constitution ordered the demarcation of all Indian land by 1993, at the end of 2005 only 37 per cent of these lands have seen the demarcation procedures finalized through registration. For the rest, some of them are in the process of being demarcated and another 229 have not at all been taken into consideration by FUNAI. While President Lula da Silva during his electoral campaign, set out a strategy to tackle the conflicts and human rights abuses that affected the Indians for so long, it appears that his Government initiated only few demarcations of new land and did not proceed to the promised reforms and restructuring of FUNAI. Representatives of indigenous movements regretted that they have only been received once by the President in three years of government, and only after having occupied Congress in protest in April 2004.