A/69/302 4. End poverty in all its forms everywhere 49. Migrants make a substantial contribution to reducing poverty. As stated above, migrants from countries with a low human development index who move to a country with a higher index experience, on average, a 15 -fold increase in income. To eradicate poverty fully, all marginalized groups, including migrants, must be included in national poverty reduction strategies. Targets and indicators 50. This goal should include specific targets on eradicating extreme poverty by bringing to zero the number of persons, including marginalized groups, including migrants, living on less than $1.25 per day and by addressing inequalities at both the national and international levels. Indicators will include reducing the proportion of migrants classified as living in poverty. 51. A target on providing social protection to reduce the vulnerabilities of the poor, including marginalized groups, including migrants, is essential. Indicators could include the proportion of migrants with access to, and cross -border portability of, earned social benefits (e.g. pensions). Under article 9 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, States recognize the right of everyone to social security. In its general comment No. 19, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights defined the right to social security as encompassing “the right to access and maintain benefits, whether in cash or in kind, without discrimination in order to secure protection, inter alia, from (a) lack of work-related income caused by sickness, disability, maternity, employment injury, unemployment, old age, or death of a family member; (b) unaffordable access to health care; (c) insufficient family support, particularly for children and adult dependents”. It went on to say that “the right to social security includes the right not to be subject to arbitrary and unreasonable restrictions of existing social security coverage, whether obtained publicly or privately, as well as the right to equal enjoyment of adequate protection from social risks and contingencies”. 52. A human rights approach to social protection requires comprehensive, universal and sustainable systems with both contributory a nd non-contributory elements. Owing to their specific demographics, migrants usually contribute more in taxes and social contributions than they receive in individual benefits. 15 Although, as a result of their low wages, migrants contribute less in taxes th an citizens, they usually also claim fewer benefits. 7 Migrants who do not participate directly in social contribution schemes also contribute to financing social protection schemes and programmes by paying indirect taxes (see CMW/C/GC/2). The right to social protection is absolute and not dependent on employment status. States should pursue publicly funded and delivered social protection policies in critical areas that guarantee the well-being of the entire community, including migrants, irrespective of their status. 53. Indicators should focus on the increased proportion of migrants with equal access to social security and cross-border portability of earned social security benefits such as pensions. 5 __________________ 15 12/26 International Labour Organization, Fair Migration: Setting an ILO Agenda, report I (B) prepared for the 103rd session of the International Labour Conference, 2014 (ILC.103/DG/IB) (Geneva, 2014). 14-59006