A/HRC/35/25 1.4. Create multiple labour migration opportunities, including for low-skilled migrants, to incentivize their use of regular migration channels, by establishing common and accessible visa and work permit regimes 1.5. Abolish all temporary migration schemes, such as those based on singleemployer sponsorship mechanisms or kafala systems, in favour of open work visas 1.6. Facilitate labour mobility for migrants at all skill levels through regional organizations, regional consultative processes, bilateral and regional agreements for the free movement of persons and bilateral and regional trade agreements 1.7. Ensure that appropriate governance of migration promotes the optimal matching of job skills to jobs and of labour supply to labour demand between countries 1.8. Counteract deskilling and increase the proportion of migrants who are working at the skill level that is most relevant to their education, training and work experience, so as to facilitate their integration into the local labour force and their reintegration into the labour market in the country of origin 1.9. Reduce to less than 3 per cent the transaction costs of migrant remittances and eliminate remittance corridors with costs higher than 5 per cent 1.10. Consider providing access to permanent residency (or long-term residence permits) and citizenship to all migrants after a reasonable period of effective residence under any temporary migration regime 1.11. Promote the financial inclusion of migrants, for example, by lowering the costs of remittances and promoting digital financial services, and provide incentives for migrants to engage in trade between countries of origin and destination 1.12. Promote a strategy to enable, engage with and empower migrant diasporas and their entrepreneurship Indicators (a) Increased number of countries that have ratified relevant international human rights and labour law instruments providing for the equality of treatment for all migrant workers in respect of employment; (b) Time frame and coverage of national policy on enhancing international cooperation to facilitate regular, safe, affordable and accessible migration, in line with human rights standards, including through labour mobility at all skill levels; (c) Time frame and coverage of national policy on ending criminalization and externalization approaches to migration control, which aggravate the precarious condition of migrants; (d) Increased number of bilateral and multilateral visa facilitation and liberalization agreements, including for visits, work, job searches, family reunification, refugee resettlement, humanitarian activities, studies, internships, retirement and other purposes; (e) Increased number of regional and bilateral mobility agreements; (f) Increased number of bilateral and multilateral agreements on migration that provide for human and labour rights safeguards and comply with international human rights and labour standards, including effective complaint and redress mechanisms; (g) Increased number of ex ante human rights impact assessments conducted during trade negotiations to identify and mitigate risks; (h) Increased number of accessible visas and work permits provided at all skill (i) Increased regulation and effective monitoring of the recruitment industry; levels; 11