ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ The protection of freedom of expression, the right to access to information, and a free media The need to strengthen mechanisms for minority participation in the spaces of global governance, including by allocating adequate resources and creating bilateral or regional structures for cooperation on minority issues The need to recognise the value of the political participation of minorities within public administration and civil society organisations The importance of the recognition of the minorities The issue of the absence of the definition of the term “minority” The importance of political participation of women belonging to minorities The need for minorities to be represented at all levels of the decision-making process The need to repeal discriminatory laws and provisions Development of training programmes to foster participation through empowerment, mentoring and network-building and civic education programmes for minorities Development of awareness-raising campaigns aimed at the majority to emphasise contributions made by the minorities to the benefit of the whole society The creation of youth councils and forums to advance political orientation for minorities The need to support access to education for children belonging to minorities and literacy programmes for adults as well as computer training The importance of disaggregated data on minorities in political sectors The impact of design of electoral systems The need to take measures to tackle extreme poverty Item V—National practices and real experiences: Existing mechanisms providing for the political participation of minorities 9 This session focused on national practices that have been developed to foster minority political participation and the impacts of those policies. Governments were invited to describe their national policies and minority political actors to discuss the role that minority policy-makers should play in formulating and implementing laws and policies to support and promote equal rights and opportunities in the public sector. Issues for presentation and discussion included the definition of meaningful representation and empowerment as well as ways to ensure an effective role by minorities in policy and decision-making. The discussion also looked at how effective minority consultative bodies have been in giving meaningful representation to minorities, what has been the experience with quotas, reserved seats or other such mechanisms to ensure representation of minorities and whether systems of cultural autonomy and minority self-governance developed to protect rights to language, education, religion, and cultural identity have indeed provided minorities with meaningful participation in governance. 9 The full text of the presentations is available on the Forum’s website: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/minority/oral_statements_forum_minority_2009.htm 11

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