human rights principle in itself but also a sine qua non for the implementation of other human rights. Distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen I am pleased to see so many interested actors gathered here today. Through your participation, you are all helping the Forum to promote effective policies and strategies aimed at securing more effective political participation by persons belonging to minorities. The Forum will benefit from the substantive expertise of very distinguished experts who will be addressing various aspects of the theme under discussion. The work of the Forum and the Independent Expert is guided by the Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities. The Declaration constitutes a key document of reference for the protection of minorities. It reaffirms the right of persons belonging to minorities to enjoy all human rights and fundamental freedoms in accordance with the principles of non-discrimination and equality before the law. It contains central guarantees to ensure that cultures, languages and other elements of the identity of persons belonging to minorities are protected and promoted, including through the implementation of the right to effective participation. The exclusion of minorities from effective participation in decision-making is often rooted in violations of the principles of equality and non-discrimination. These principles are a cornerstone of the United Nations and they are embedded in the nine core international human rights instruments. In fact, the entire human rights structure of the UN rests on the premise of equality and non-discrimination, which are inseparable components of the implementation of all rights. The importance of combating discrimination is fully recognised by the High Commissioner, and it is one of the thematic priorities of the Office, including in 2010 - 2011. Distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen 2