E/CN,4/1991/56
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religion and creed. Anyone can have recourse to the courts if he feels that
these basic rights and genuine laws have been violated. This, too, is
guaranteed by the Constitution (art. 19 (4))."
Greece
"There is a Muslim minority living in Greece (Western Thrace), whose
religious rights are fully protected as provided for in the Constitution and
in the Treaty of Lausanne of 1923. In this respect, it should be remembered
that in accordance with article 28, paragraph 1, of the Greek Constitution,
international conventions, treaties, etc., when ratified by Parliament, become
operative and constitute an integral part of domestic Greek legislation; they
prevail over any contrary provision in domestic national law.
In this context, it should also be noted that, today, there are
258 mosques and 78 smaller religious establishements (mescids) served by
460 Muslim ministers (Imams).
Furthermore, the Greek State spends large amounts of money for the
maintenance of these Muslim religious establishments. During the last
15 years, at least 40 religious establishments have been repaired, the
relevant expenditure incurred by the Greek State."
Grenada
"This right is declared and entrenched under Chapters I and III of the
Constitution. The citizen is given an unrestricted right under section 16 of
the Constitution to apply to the High Court for redress if he alleges that
that right is being or is likely to be contravened in relation to him."
Indonesia
In its reply, the Government of Indonesia did not provide a specific
answer to this question. However, in its general reply, reference was made to
certain aspects of this question, as follows:
"... although 90 per cent of 180 million Indonesians are Muslims, we do
not adopt the terms 'majority' and 'minority' as these words are generally
understood. In our community where the spirit of deliberation and consensus
is upheld, irrespective of whether we are Muslim, Hindu, Buddhist or
Christian, we are first and foremost Indonesians, with the inherent right to
adhere to the religion of our choice."
Iraq
"Article 5 (b) of the Constitution explicitly recognizes all the
legitimate rights of all the minorities, within the framework of Iraqi
national unity, and the national legislation allows minorities full freedom to
establish social and cultural associations and clubs. Article 200,
paragraph 2, of the Penal Code stipulates that any person who provokes or
propagates confessional or sectarian bigotry, incites others to engage in
racial or intercommunal strife or stirs up a feeling of animosity among the
population of Iraq is punishable by law. Under article 202 of the Penal Code,
any person who insults any section of Iraqi society is also punishable.
Article 372 of the Penal Code likewise prescribes penalties for any person who