E/CN.4/1991/56 page 121 and the rule of law. This must be coupled with the implementation of adequate socio-economic measures aimed at removing inequalities that may exist between different communities within a society as well as the causes of possible conflicts which might generate intolerance. The introduction or adjustment of the appropriate legal and constitutional framework as well as human rights education are of paramount importance in this respect. 106. All of the above also points to the importance of countries availing themselves of the advisory services offered by the human rights programme of the United Nations. Such services can be particularly valuable when Governments embark upon the drafting of new legislative provisions or when they adapt existing legislation to the principles set out in the Declaration. Training courses aimed at increasing familiarization with existing principles, norms and remedies in the sphere of religion or belief should also be actively considered. A number cf countries which responded to the questionnaire indeed expressed readiness tc receive assistance from the United Nations both with regard to possible modifications in their legislation and the organization of co-arses and seminars tc train selected officials in human rights. 107= The Special Rapporteur wishes to repeat the recommendations he has already expressed in his previous reports, namely that States which have not already done so should ratify the relevant international instruments. Bearing in mind the persistence of the problem of intolerance and discrimination based on religion and belief, States should also continue to actively consider the usefulness of preparing a separate binding international instrument on the elimination of these phenomena, in the light of the recommendations provided by Mr. Theo van Boven, expert of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities, in his report (E/CN.4/Sub.2/1989/32) on the subject. 108. The Special Rapporteur is of the opinion that States ought to constantly monitor their own legislation with a view to shortcomings that might arise in given situations. Wherever constitutions and legal systems are still inconsistent with the provisions of the Declaration, appropriate amendments should be enacted without delay. 109. It is also important that effective administrative and judicial remedies be available to victims of religious intolerance or discrimination and that they may avail themselves of appropriate conciliation arrangements. The Special Rapporteur also wishes to draw attention to the problem of impunity which generally contributes significantly to the persistence of the phenomena of major human rights violations. 110. The Special Rapporteur finally wishes to emphasize that it is necessary to increase the efforts of disseminating the principles contained in the Declaration, in particular among lawmakers, judges, lawyers and civil servants, and to encourage them to contribute actively to the elimination of the root causes of religious intolerance or discrimination. In this connection, he applauds the continued support provided by non—governmental organizations. 111. Finally, the Special Rapporteur would like to reiterate the importance of the advisory services offered by the United Nations in the field of human rights.