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54. Another concern consistently raised by indigenous peoples in developed
countries is that they generally have limited access to financial and technical
assistance from international cooperation. Such cooperation is guaranteed in article
39 of the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, which states that
indigenous peoples “have the right to have access to financial and technical
assistance … through international cooperation”. However, given the rules for
eligibility of official development assistance, which is largely based on gross
national income, indigenous peoples living in developed countries are often denied
such support. 16 One commendable example of how to overcome this limitation is
presented in the Strategy for Danish Support to Indigenous Peoples, which stipulates
that the general eligibility criteria for development aid recipients is waved in the
context of indigenous peoples, as they often live in “poverty pockets,” even in
countries that are not among the poorest. 17
55. The Special Rapporteur hopes that more agencies will find ways and means to
assist indigenous peoples, as needed, in all parts of the world, and expresses her
hope that the universality of the proposed sustainable development goals will
contribute to highlighting and addressing existing inequalities in all counties across
the globe.
56. At the present time, in countries all around the world, there are numerous
established programmes targeted at bettering the social and economic situations of
indigenous peoples, many of which have demonstrated notable successes. The
previous Special Rapporteurs have discussed some of these important governmental
efforts to address the concerns of indigenous peoples relating to, inter alia, the
establishment of mechanisms for consultation, languages and education, health, the
administration of justice and economic development. However, they have also
pointed out that, overall, more still needs to be done (see, for example,
A/HRC/21/47/Add.1, paras. 67-71; A/HRC/18/35/Add.3, paras. 57-63).
Culturally appropriate social services
57. An essential element of overcoming discrimination and achieving the
economic, social and cultural rights of indigenous peoples is the design and delivery
of adequate social services, particularly within the education and health sectors. As
noted above and further here, culturally appropriate services are not only required
by international human rights standards, especially as articulated in the Declaration
on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, they also are related to higher achievement
outcomes. It can already be concluded that although enormous progress has been
made with regard to the 2015 goals and targets, they will not be met for
disadvantaged indigenous peoples, unless governments direct more attention — and
resources — towards them.
58. Given their unique cultures and ways of life, it must also be noted that social
and economic development for indigenous peoples may be different from other
sectors of the population. Hence, development strategies must take into account,
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17
14-58847
See more on the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)Development Cooperation Directorate (DAC) list of eligible countries at: http://www.oecd.org/
development/stats/daclistofodarecipients.htm.
See Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Danida), available at: http://amg.um.dk/en/~/media/
amg/Documents/Policies%20and%20Strategies/Freedom%20Democracy%20and%20Human%20
Rights/Indigenous%20people/StrategyForDanishSupportToIndigenousPeople.ashx.
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