A/HRC/35/25/Add.1 VI. Cross-cutting concerns A. Labour exploitation 62. The Special Rapporteur was informed about the deplorable working conditions in the artisanal diamond mining sector. Migrants working in that sector are often exploited by their employers. Due to the informal nature of the work, the remoteness of the mines and resource constraints, the Government is unable to monitor and protect migrant workers from exploitation. 63. Many migrant women work as domestic workers. However, labour inspections are not carried out in private households. That leaves domestic workers unprotected and therefore vulnerable to abuse and exploitation. 64. Irregular migrants also work in small businesses or in informal work as street vendors. Such workplaces are monitored by government labour inspectors who carry out their work alongside the Migration and Foreigners Service. Irregular migrants found working are arrested, detained and face deportation. Consequently, migrants are reluctant to report exploitation or publicly protest or mobilize. The Special Rapporteur was informed that migrants often resort to bribing law enforcement officials in order to avoid arrest. 65. Migrants are at a heightened risk of exploitation and abuse in the workplace because of several factors: unfamiliarity with the language, their rights at work and national labour and migration laws; limited or denied access to legal systems; dependence on the job and employer due to migration-related debt; precarious legal status; and reliance by family members on remittances sent back home by the migrant. Those factors are amplified by the discrimination and xenophobia that migrants increasingly face in Angola. B. Xenophobic and discriminatory acts 66. Undocumented migrants and their children suffer discrimination because of inadequate access to basic education, housing and health care. In addition, migrants face a constant outpouring of negative rhetoric, which is currently used extensively in relation to migrants and which equates all undocumented migrants to criminals and religious extremists. 67. Major cultural differences between Angolans and their West African counterparts have resulted in a negative image of people of the Muslim faith. The Special Rapporteur received information indicating that the Government is yet to publicly respond to help quell the concerns of its citizens about practising Muslims and the need to embrace diversity within society. The Special Rapporteur received information that, in some instances, it is public officials who use negative language when referring to migrants and incite fear of those of Muslim faith. C. Access to justice 68. Migrants have difficulty accessing complaint mechanisms, partly because of a lack of information and legal representation, and partly because they fear being immediately detained and deported. 69. Migrants in detention are not given prompt access to a competent lawyer through an accessible legal aid system. The Special Rapporteur was concerned at reports that undocumented migrants may be subjected to detention without recourse to a court to pronounce on the legality of the detention. 70. Migrants in detention are not given prompt access to a competent interpreter, free of charge, if needed. 13