A/HRC/48/77 I. Introduction 1. The present report is submitted to the Human Rights Council pursuant to General Assembly resolution 75/169, in which the Assembly requested the Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance to submit a report on the implementation of that resolution to the Council at its forty-seventh session. The submission was deferred to the forty-eighth session. 2. In the report, the Special Rapporteur summarizes information received from Member States with regard to the implementation of the above-mentioned resolution. She thanks Albania, Argentina, Armenia, Brazil, Burundi, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Kyrgyzstan, Malta, Mexico, Namibia, the Netherlands, the Niger, Norway, Qatar, the Republic of Moldova, the Russian Federation, Senegal, Serbia, Spain and Sweden for their contributions. She also expresses her gratitude for the submissions from the European Union and from two nongovernmental organizations. 3. The Special Rapporteur outlines the governing principles and obligations of racial equality and non-discrimination, highlighting their application in combating racism and xenophobia. As highlighted in previous reports, she reminds Member States of the strong commitment required to tackle the increase in hate crime and incitement to violence targeting ethnic, racial and religious minorities worldwide. II. Summary of submissions from Member States 4. In the present section, the Special Rapporteur summarizes Member State submissions on law and policy in place to combat Nazism and neo-Nazism, but does not analyse or evaluate these laws or policies. She underscores that providing the summaries of State submissions below does not constitute her endorsement of the content of the submissions. Indeed, some of the laws and policies summarized below may be, or have been, subject to review and condemnation for being in contravention of international human rights law by other actors within the United Nations human rights system. Albania 5. The Government of Albania reported that Law No. 10221 of 2010 on protection from discrimination regulated the implementation of the principle of equality and nondiscrimination. In 2020, an amendment to the law had introduced definitions of “intersectional discrimination”, “multiple discrimination”, “structural discrimination” and “hate speech”. The Commissioner for Protection from Discrimination was responsible for its implementation and monitoring. In 2020, the Commissioner had dealt with 18 cases alleging discrimination based on race, which had been lodged mainly against central and public institutions. 6. According to the Commissioner, structural discrimination continued to be prevalent and the number of cases involving multiple grounds of discrimination had increased in 2020. In the framework of the mandate, the Commissioner had provided recommendations on the bill on citizenship and the bill on prison police in order to strengthen the implementation of the principle of equality and non-discrimination. The Commissioner had also provided recommendations on the policy of the Ministry of Health and Social Protection with regard to the draft matrix of the action plan for equality, inclusion and participation of Roma and Egyptians (2021–2025). Awareness-raising campaigns had been carried out at the national level for the protection of national minorities. Argentina 7. The Government of Argentina reported that in 2015 it had created the National Institute against Discrimination, Xenophobia and Racism. Some discriminatory practices against Jews had been addressed through the legal framework; however, some practices had not yet been eradicated. To promote a culture of religious equality, working groups had been created, with more than 20 different beliefs, world views and religions represented; the 3