A/HRC/23/46 complete the establishment of a Common European Asylum System, including a European Asylum Support Office, and noted that the strengthening of European border controls should not prevent access to protection systems by those people entitled to benefit under them. 16. The Pact reaffirmed its attachment to the GAMM, and agreed to conclude EU-level or bilateral agreements with countries of origin and transit, including on opportunities for legal migration; the control of “illegal” immigration; readmission; and the development of the countries of origin and transit. 17. Finally, the European Council prescribed annual debates on immigration and asylum policies, and invited the Commission to present an annual report on the implementation of this Pact and of the Stockholm Programme. 5. EU Action on Migratory Pressures 18. The consequences of the Arab Spring, mainly in Italy and Malta, as well as the migration flows at the Greece-Turkey border during 2011, led to reflections within the EU on how to best respond to these “migratory pressures”. The “EU Action on migratory pressure - A strategic response” was adopted by the Justice and Home Affairs Council in April 2012. Its cover note refers to the “political commitment of Member States in the fight against illegal immigration”, and it includes a list of priority areas where efforts need to be stepped up and monitored in order to prevent and control existing pressures that derive from irregular immigration as well as abuse of legal migration routes, including strengthening cooperation between the EU and third countries of origin and transit on migration management; enhancing migration management, including cooperation on return practices; enhanced border management at the external borders; particularly preventing “illegal” immigration at the Greek-Turkish border; addressing abuse of legal migration channels; and safeguarding and protecting free movement by preventing abuse by third country nationals. 6. The European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) 19. The European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) was first outlined in a Commission Communication on Wider Europe in March 2003 (COM(2003) 104 final), followed by a Strategy Paper on the European Neighbourhood Policy in May 2004 (COM(2004) 373 final), aiming to avoid new dividing lines at the borders of the enlarged EU. The Commission’s Strategy Paper noted that EU partners were facing increased challenges in the field of justice and home affairs, such as migration pressure from third countries, trafficking in human beings and terrorism, and that border management was likely to be a priority in most ENP Action Plans. Regarding regional and sub-regional co-operation in the Mediterranean, the Commission noted the importance of improving border management, including cooperation in the fight against “illegal” immigration. 20. The ENP framework is proposed to 16 of the EU’s closest neighbours – Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Egypt, Georgia, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Moldova, Morocco, Occupied Palestinian Territory, Syria, Tunisia and Ukraine. The ENP remains distinct from the process of enlargement. Central to the ENP are the bilateral Action Plans between the EU and each of the 12 ENP partners. These set out an agenda of political and economic reforms with short and medium-term priorities. The ENP is not yet fully “activated” for Algeria, Belarus, Libya and Syria as no Action Plans have been agreed with these countries. 21. The ENP, which is chiefly a bilateral policy between the EU and each partner country, is further enriched with regional and multilateral co -operation initiatives: the Eastern Partnership (launched in Prague in May 2009), the Union for the Mediterranean 26