A/HRC/27/68 contributes to an unfair overrepresentation of people of African descent among persons in detention. The Working Group notes that people of African descent are often subjected to longer sentences than other individuals who have committed the same offence. The practice of racially profiling youth of African descent leaves them disproportionately policed, prosecuted, convicted and imprisoned compared to the rest of the population. 58. The Working Group is concerned about the torture, ill-treatment and harassment suffered by people of African descent at the hands of law enforcement officials. When the rights of people of African descent are violated, recourse to institutions of justice is often a distant possibility. Inadequate complaint mechanisms prevent young people of African descent from responding to misuse of power and discriminatory practices by the law enforcement and judicial authorities. The consequences of racial targeting are far-reaching and have both individual and collective effects. 59. The Working Group notes that, despite the existence of numerous legislative instruments at the national, regional and international levels, women and girls of African descent are facing even more challenging obstacles to justice. Women of African descent very often suffer physical or verbal violence on the part of judicial and law enforcement authorities. B. Recommendations 60. In order to provide equal access to justice for people of African descent and as a part of the duty of States to protect human rights, the Working Group calls upon States to guarantee that: (a) The principles of restorative justice are applied in addressing access to justice for people of African descent; (b) At the national and regional levels, an atlas mapping injustices is developed, supported by comprehensive disaggregated data. Such atlases can be the framework for dialogue in addressing the realization of fundamental rights and the protection of knowledge for vulnerable populations, including people of African descent; (c) Youth of African descent enjoy, including, when appropriate, through the provision of special measures, access to quality education and appropriate professional orientation in order to have access to positions in the judiciary and administrative institutions at the highest levels; (d) Institutionalizing young people is used as a last resort; (e) The intersectional nature of discrimination on the basis of gender, religion or ethnicity and other forms of discrimination is recognized, keeping in mind that perpetrators of multiple forms of discrimination are not always cognizant of the fact that they are racially discriminating; (f) Appropriate education and training are provided for youth of African descent in order to prevent unemployment, social stigmatization, police profiling and brutality; (g) Good quality and free legal aid is offered to women of African descent who are in need, so that access to justice is available to everyone. Information about legal services and legal centres should be easily available and widely distributed, especially among groups facing multiple forms of discrimination, such as women of 13