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broadening the options of promoting encounters between individuals and groups of
different religions and beliefs. In general it seems advisable always to take both
approaches into account when designing political strategies. Moreover, promoting a
combination of formal and informal interreligious communication is one way to do
justice to the requirement of conceptual inclusiveness, which itself mirrors the
universalistic nature of freedom of religion or belief as a human right.
C.
Appreciating diversity of interreligious communication
34. Interreligious communication harbours an inexhaustible diversity of possible
settings, forums, agendas, themes, goals and procedures, with the result that any
attempts at a comprehensive mapping exercise would necessarily fail. To start with,
interreligious settings range from rather exclusive groupings to projects that aspire
to be as inclusive as possible. Conducting or promoting exclusive dialogue settings
does not, per se, violate the requirement of conceptual inclusiveness, provided some
important safeguards are respected (see sect. E below). Bilateral forums may be
preferable, for instance, if two religious groups sharing a difficult and painful
history of misunderstanding want to communicate intensively for the purpose of
overcoming traditional obstacles and improving their coexistence. Religious
communities that feel specific theological affinities towards one another may also
prefer somewhat exclusive communicative settings that allow them to further
develop existing ties. By contrast, politically oriented dialogue projects, for instance
those aiming to foster national, regional or international peace, typically require a
maximum of inclusiveness in the sense that people from the most widely differing
religious or belief backgrounds should have a chance to participate. Moreover,
traditionally marginalized persons, such as women, may wish to come together
across religious divides in order to identify patterns of discrimination in different
religious or philosophical traditions and to envisage strategies that may help rectify
that state of affairs. Examples of such settings are interreligious conferences or
research projects by feminist theologians.
35. Thematically, interreligious communication can address a multitude of
different issues. Dialogue projects may pursue a theological agenda by dealing with
methods of analysing sacred texts or the understanding of rites and ceremonies in
different traditions. As a result, discussants may discover similarities, overcome
traditional misunderstandings and develop respect for remaining theological
differences. Other forums of interreligious communication, in particular those
supported by international organizations, are devoted chiefly to promoting a broad
consensus on political issues, such as protection of the environment, international
peace or respect for human rights. On the municipal level, interreligious round
tables have been established, for instance, for the purpose of solving neighbourhood
conflicts over the construction of religious buildings. Of special importance are
educational and training projects designed to familiarize young people or specific
groups, such as journalists or other media practitioners, with religious or belief
diversity. Finally, there are examples of people across religious divides coming
together to work in common on artistic projects. These projects can include creative
collaboration, using theatre, festivals and other live events as ways of experiencing
a common passion for the arts. Renowned orchestras have been created to
demonstrate that music can break down barriers that were once considered
impossible to overcome.
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