A/HRC/10/66 page 13 76. The Chairperson opened the floor for comments and questions. 77. One observer emphasised the importance of a rights based approach and that what children say must be taken into account. It was noted that children represent the present and not just the future. It was also stressed that the Convention on the Rights of the Child is the most comprehensive legal framework on child rights and must be the cornerstone for any action to further the protection of children. One observer stressed that States should take effective preventive measures with the aim of eliminating juvenile crimes. 78. Panellist Renato Roseno made a presentation on the situation of children of African descent in Brazil, with a focus on violence. It was noted that they face multiple forms of discrimination. The concept of intersectionality comprising the coexistence of different factors such as race, gender, social class, violence etc. helps us to understand the complexity of groups and situations. It was noted that discriminatory practices are acute, inter alia, in the realms of university education, employment and mortality rates. These children are more often victims of violent attacks. It was highlighted that isolated policies tend to be inefficient and that problems have to be addressed in an holistic manner. The need for differentiated education that respects and preserves cultural values, history and ethnic identity was noted. 79. It was suggested that the Working Group collaborate more closely with the Committee on the Rights of the Child and ensure participation of children in meetings that the Working Group carries out during country visits. 80. The Chairperson opened the floor for discussion. 81. An observer suggested that efforts should be made to reconstruct the image of people of African descent as this would have an impact on social attitudes towards them. It was also suggested that young people who are deprived of their history are apt to fill this gap with criminal figures as role models and points of reference. 82. The issue of children who are born and raised in a developed country and then deported, was mentioned as a concern. Furthermore, the so-called “zero tolerance” and “safe” policies at schools result in the expulsion of boys of African descent who end up in criminal gangs. It was also noted that a disproportionate number of children of African descent remain in the childcare system in developed countries as there are no foster parents for them, which results in a loss of identity. Children of African descent and human rights mechanisms 83. Panellist Veronica Birga made a presentation on the work of treaty monitoring bodies and special procedures mandate holders with regard to children of African descent. During the review of the respective recommendations, the issues of birth registration, nutrition, school attendance and drop out, mortality rates and access to healthcare services were highlighted, among others. It was noted that the Committee on the Rights of the Child also pointed out the need for disaggregated data. Race and ethnicity have been seen to affect vulnerability to sexual exploitation and trafficking. In schools, disciplinary measures are more often taken against children of African descent. The need for intersecting policies was emphasized.