6 3. In order to promote equality and eliminate discrimination, States Parties shall take all appropriate steps to ensure reasonable accommodation for minorities, i.e. necessary and appropriate measures and adjustments not imposing a disproportionate or undue burden, to ensure their full and effective equality with respect to the majority or dominant sectors of the population of the state in the administrative, political, economic, social, cultural and other spheres. 4. States Parties shall also take special measures (affirmative action) to address past denial of their rights and injustices experienced by minorities, taking due account of their continued legacy. Such special measures shall not be considered to be an act of discrimination when discontinued after the objectives for which they were taken have been achieved. 5. States Parties shall pay particular attention to the need to address all forms of discrimination and their interconnected nature in the implementation of the present Convention on the rights of persons belonging to national or ethnic, religious or belief, and linguistic minorities. 6. States Parties shall in particular take all appropriate measures to eliminate all forms of discrimination against minority women to ensure, on the basis of equality between men and women, that they fully and equally enjoy all human rights and fundamental freedoms, including those specifically recognised for minority groups in this convention and that they are able to freely pursue, participate in and benefit from economic, social, political and cultural development. 7. States Parties shall take all necessary measures to identify inequality gaps affecting minorities, the immediate, underlying and root causes of such gaps, including through the systemic use of disaggregated and intersectionally disaggregated data and analysis, as well as through other means. Article 14 Persons belonging to minorities have the right to exercise their rights with other members of their communities, individually and collectively. Article 15 Every person belonging to a minority is entitled to the full panoply of human rights, including freedom of peaceful assembly, freedom of association, freedom of expression, freedom of thought, conscience and religion or belief, and the right to not to be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his or her privacy, family, home or correspondence. Article 16 1. Every person belonging to a minority shall not be denied the right, in community with members of their group, to enjoy their own culture, to practise their religion or belief and use their language, in public or in private. 2. Persons belonging to a minority have the right to establish and operate their own institutions, organisations and associations, including political parties, to protect and promote their own ethnicity, culture, religion and language.