4 5. States Parties shall conduct a prompt and impartial investigation or ensure that an inquiry takes place whenever there is reasonable ground to believe that a violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms has occurred in any territory under their jurisdiction and where necessary to provide justice and redress. Article 7 1. Persons who belong to minorities whose rights or freedoms are violated have the right, either in person or through legally authorized representation, to complain to and have that complaint promptly reviewed in a public hearing before an independent, impartial and competent judicial or other administrative authority subject to judicial review, and to obtain from such an authority a decision, in accordance with law, providing redress, including any compensation due, where there has been a violation of that person’s rights or freedoms, as well as enforcement of the eventual decision and award, all without undue delay. 2. Every person who belongs to minorities has the right, individually and in association with others, inter alia, to: (a) form and name organisations for the defence of their human rights; (b) complain about the policies and actions of non-state actors, individual officials and governmental bodies with regard to violations of human rights by petition or other appropriate means, to competent independent, impartial and competent judicial or other administrative authority subject to judicial review provided for by the legal system of the State, which shall render their decision on the complaint without undue delay; (c) attend and intervene at public hearings and other proceedings where the matters discussed are pertinent to the rights and interests of these minorities; (d) offer and provide professionally qualified legal assistance or other relevant advice and assistance in defending human rights; (e) unhindered access to and communication with international bodies with general or special competence to receive and consider communications on matters of human rights; (f) be free from reprisals by State and non-State actors in their exercise of their human rights. 3. States Parties shall conduct a prompt and impartial investigation or ensure that an inquiry takes place whenever there is reasonable ground to believe that a violation of human rights has occurred in any territory under its jurisdiction. Article 8 1. States Parties shall encourage a spirit of tolerance, acceptance, inclusion and intercultural understanding, including on gender, and take effective measures to promote social cohesion, mutual respect and co-operation among all persons living on their territory, irrespective of those persons’ ethnic, linguistic, cultural or religious or belief identity, in particular in the fields of education and the media.