A/64/159 above-mentioned examples (see paras. 18-34), illustrate the particular vulnerability of persons deprived of their liberty, refugees, asylum-seekers and internally displaced persons, children, persons belonging to national or ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities and migrants as regards their ability to freely exercise their right to freedom of religion or belief. Of course, not all persons belonging to one of the above-mentioned groups are subject to discrimination or intolerance based on their religion or belief. Yet, in order to address the particular vulnerability many of them are faced with, including with regard to their right to freedom of religion or belief, the Special Rapporteur would like to formulate the following recommendations. 66. With regard to persons deprived of their liberty, the Special Rapporteur would like to emphasize that it is crucial to provide the personnel of detention facilities with adequate training and raise their awareness about the duty to promote and respect international human rights standards for the treatment of detainees, in particular with regard to their right to freedom of religion or belief. The State needs to bring the applicable standards to the attention of the relevant authorities and personnel of detention facilities and to enhance their sensitivity that the effects of violations of the religious rights of detainees may not be confined to the detention facilities but can also impinge on the overall climate of religious tolerance, even at the international level. 67. Refugees, asylum-seekers and internally displaced persons also find themselves in a situation of particular vulnerability. The Special Rapporteur would like to refer to paragraph 80 of the outcome document of the Durban Review Conference which reiterates that the national, regional and international response and policies, including financial assistance, towards refugee and internal displacement situations in different parts of the world, should not be guided by any form of discrimination prohibited by international law. For the whole asylum determination process it seems crucial to have accurate, objective and up-to-date information on the countries of origin of asylum-seekers and on any past or present religious persecution. The Special Rapporteur would like to emphasize that asylum adjudicators should not exclusively base their decisions on preselected sources, especially when the situation in the country of origin or the region in question has allegedly changed since they were last updated. Furthermore, the Special Rapporteur would like to emphasize that well-trained, reliable and impartial interpreters are needed for asylum interviews in order to avoid serious disadvantages for the asylum-seekers. 68. The situation of children and their freedom of religion or belief also deserve specific mention. In line with the concept of “evolving capacities” of the child and in order to ensure free and informed choices about his or her freedom of religion or belief, the Special Rapporteur would like to highlight the following approaches. Special attention should be paid to encouraging positive attitudes and, in view of the best interests of the child, to supporting parents to exercise their rights and fully play their role in education in the field of tolerance and non-discrimination. 33 Rather than leading to indoctrination, teaching about religions and beliefs should be carried out in a fair and balanced manner. In this regard, the Toledo Guiding Principles on Teaching about __________________ 33 09-40869 See E/CN.4/2002/73, appendix, para. 9. 21

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