in the promotion of their own good. As wells as promoting reforms to update the national and
provincial legislation for the complete recognition and guarantying the freedom of faith and religion.
In Uruguay, Chile, Brazil and Argentina, the unifying factor by excellence has been the freedom of
conscience and faith, which has achieved the unification of efforts in favour of common values. In all
cases, the proposals have been channelled through the legislative way, as the only way to get the
protection of the law which is needed in order to protect the complete enjoyment of all the rights
and freedoms.
Main challenges in the protection of minorities’ rights.
The practical problems which members of different minority religions face, collectively and
individually, for the complete enjoyment of their freedom of faith, in public and private, during the
manifestation of their faith (practical, enforcement, rites, and education), with eventual effects in the
future of people and the autonomy of religions are:
Deficiencies in the educational area:
Inclusion of religion in public education. In some cases, such in Brazil, offering religious education in
public schools, by demand, faces practical challenges of providing teachers with this background
where the number of students of a minority faith is very reduced. In other countries, the main
challenge is including at least the instruction about religion and faiths (Argentina and Uruguay).
In the work environment – religious celebrations, holidays, usage of dynamic symbols, volunteering,
protection of the seal of the Confessional.
Some countries, such as Argentina and Chile have legislation which contemplates, at least partially,
the religious holidays of minority faiths (document attached).
Other countries have important lacks on this point, forcing the followers of a Church to choose
between keeping their jobs, which is their source of livelihood, and abandoning their faith, or
conserving their faith but losing their jobs. The same happens in schools, when there are not any
exception in the assistance on Saturdays (Seventh-day Adventists and Orthodox Jewish), and other
religious holidays.
The legal terminology characteristic of the majoritarian model with a negative impact for the access
to state’s benefits of minorities, implies an extra charge for last ones since it is not always easy to
identify a faith ministry (case of the Afroubandas or Evangelical ministries) nor the place where they
practice their faith which can be considered as the ‘church’ or a faith’s followers confessing to a
minister. The protections granted for ministers with a Christian model are now easily adaptable for
those who do not present the same model.
Tax-exemptions, statute of faiths’ ministers, and obtaining legal personality.
The problem raises with the unequal treatment in relation with the Catholic Church, which tends to
have constitutional recognition of its legal personality, thus, automatic access to tax-exemptions, and
which does not occur with the other faiths which have to apply to the State their recognition and
granting of that status, among other needs, such as non-profit seeking and deep-rooted history.