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1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to form associations and trade
unions in the State of employment for the promotion and protection of their economic, social, cultural
and other interests.
2. No restrictions may be placed on the exercise of this right other than those that are prescribed by
law and are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security, public order (ordre
public) or the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.
Article 41
1. Migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to participate in public affairs of
their State of origin and to vote and to be elected at elections of that State, in accordance with its
legislation.
2. The States concerned shall, as appropriate and in accordance with their legislation, facilitate the
exercise of these rights.
Article 42
1. States Parties shall consider the establishment of procedures or institutions through which account
may be taken, both in States of origin and in States of employment, of special needs, aspirations and
obligations of migrant workers and members of their families and shall envisage, as appropriate, the
possibility for migrant workers and members of their families to have their freely chosen
representatives in those institutions.
2. States of employment shall facilitate, in accordance with their national legislation, the consultation
or participation of migrant workers and members of their families in decisions concerning the life and
administration of local communities.
3. Migrant workers may enjoy political rights in the State of employment if that State, in the exercise
of its sovereignty, grants them such rights.
Article 43
1. Migrant workers shall enjoy equality of treatment with nationals of the State of employment in
relation to:
(a) Access to educational institutions and services subject to the admission requirements and other
regulations of the institutions and services concerned;
(b) Access to vocational guidance and placement services;
(c) Access to vocational training and retraining facilities and institutions;
(d) Access to housing, including social housing schemes, and protection against exploitation in respect
of rents;
(e) Access to social and health services, provided that the requirements for participation in the
respective schemes are met;
(f) Access to co-operatives and self-managed enterprises, which shall not imply a change of their
migration status and shall be subject to the rules and regulations of the bodies concerned;
(g) Access to and participation in cultural life.