A/HRC/32/49 far-right, nationalistic and xenophobic ideas and discourse in their official capacity as guardians of public order and civil servants of the State (see also A/HRC/23/24 and A/HRC/29/47). He is particularly concerned at reports indicating that, in some Eastern European States police officers are sometimes reluctant to intervene to stop harassment, verbal abuse or violent attacks and/or to receive complaints from victims of racist and xenophobic crimes, particularly migrants and those from minority groups, and to investigate those incidents. The Special Rapporteur is also concerned at allegations of increasing police involvement in crimes of sexual and gender-based violence against women of African descent and women from ethnic minorities, which often go unreported or are not thoroughly investigated. 12. The Special Rapporteur takes this opportunity to reiterate his concerns that many racist crimes go unreported owing to the reluctance of victims to come forward and report incidents to the appropriate authorities for fear of reprisal or prosecution (especially if their residence status is precarious or irregular), a belief that police will not investigate, or a lack of trust in the criminal justice system, in addition to language barriers and ignorance of their rights (see also A/HRC/23/24 and A/HRC/29/47). Furthermore, the lack of accurate and current ethnically disaggregated data, including sex-disaggregated data, particularly regarding irregular migrants and asylum seekers, may give the impression that racist crimes by extremist political parties, movements and groups do not exist or are less prevalent than they actually are. The Special Rapporteur urges States to take further measures to better engage with victims in order to mitigate their fears, and to create a sense of trust between victims, police and prosecution. States and civil society entities should also establish detailed systems for recording, reporting and monitoring such incidents and for encouraging victims to report them. 13. The Special Rapporteur also received reports of attacks by individuals and groups linked to far-right and neo-Nazi groups on homosexual, bisexual, lesbian and transgender individuals. The same groups that attack, discriminate and promote discrimination against racial minorities are also involved in attacks against individuals on the basis of their sexual identity. The Special Rapporteur is of the opinion that the identity of an individual is made up of multiple components, including gender, age, nationality, profession, sexual orientation, political opinion, religious affiliation and social origin; tolerance, mutual understanding and respect for all, without prejudice, stereotyping or discrimination, should therefore be the basis of human relations of any kind. He also notes the multiple and often interlinked forms of discrimination that individuals face on the basis of their race, colour, descent, national or ethnic origin or sexual orientation, and in this regard draws attention to the underreporting of racial violence directed at homosexual, bisexual, lesbian and transgender persons. He therefore urges States to take the measures necessary to address the intersectional nature of different forms of discrimination. 14. With reference to his previous reports (see A/HRC/26/50 and A/HRC29/47), the Special Rapporteur expresses his concern at the increase in reported cases of racist symbols and banners displayed during football matches, and the racist slogans and gestures used on those occasions. Given the important role that professional athletes play in inspiring young people, those incidents are of particular concern. Once again, the Special Rapporteur reiterates his view that there is no place for racism and intolerance in sport. He recalls the requirements set out in Human Rights Council resolution 13/27, in which the Council urged States and relevant international and regional organizations to intensify the fight against racism in sport, including by developing and implementing codes of conduct that address the issue of extremist ideologies and intolerance among supporters. 4