A/70/279
Contents
Page
I.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
II.
International and national legal framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
A.
Relevant human rights provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
B.
International and national regulation of patent policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
Inventors under article 15, paragraph 1 (c), of the International Covenant on Economic,
Social and Cultural Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9
A.
Moral and material interests of inventors and discoverers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9
B.
Rights of indigenous peoples and local communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
Patent policy and the right to science and culture: identified tensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
A.
Impact of patent policy on ensuring access to essential technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
B.
Impact of patent policy on the direction of scientific research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
Asserting the right to science and culture in patent policy: the way forward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
Promoting the right to science and culture through exclusions, exceptions and
flexibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
B.
Importance of public participation and transparency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
C.
Examples of good practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
Conclusions and recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
III.
IV.
V.
A.
VI.
15-12543
3/26