A/51/542/Add.1
English
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succession. Similarly, the number of signatures required for the construction
of places of worship is allegedly much larger in the case of the Orthodox Church
than in the case of religious minorities. Moreover, in practice the Orthodox
Church is reportedly no longer asked to express an opinion on requests for the
establishment of places of worship, in particular because of the decisions of
the Council of State. However, the opinion of the dominant Church is said to be
necessary insofar as it is allegedly in a better position to express views on
the need for places of worship.
126. The principle of religious equality is said to exist for all the religious
minorities but is allegedly more limited in the case of the Orthodox Church.
127. The Orthodox Church considers that the Jehovah’s Witnesses are not a
religion, but a sect which contests the divinity of Jesus Christ and the status
of the Virgin and the Saints. The Orthodox Church says it is opposed, not to
the religious conscience of the Jehovah’s Witnesses, but to the propaganda
methods they use vis-à-vis members of the Orthodox Church. The counteraction by
the Orthodox Church is said to be based on the right to react morally against
those who are hostile to the moral integrity of the members of the Orthodox
Church and take advantage of the poverty and low cultural level of some of those
members.
128. With regard to the failure to grant legal recognition to the Catholic
archdiocese of Athens, the Orthodox authorities explain this as being necessary
in order to avoid any confusion with the title of the Orthodox Archbishop.
129. Coexistence and dialogue between Muslims and the Orthodox Church are said
to be progressing in a satisfactory way, except when interfered with by Turkish
nationalist propaganda originating abroad.
2.
Other spheres
130. With regard to the indication of religion on identity cards, the Orthodox
Church favours an optional mention and considers this a necessary right for
spiritual reasons.
III.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
131. The Special Rapporteur has focused on legislation in the field of tolerance
and non-discrimination based on religion or belief (chap. I) and on the
implementation of this legislation and on the policy in force (chap. II). He
has analysed both the situation of the religious minorities and that of the
dominant Orthodox Church and their relations with the State.
132. With regard to legislation, the Special Rapporteur observes that the
existence of a State religion is not in itself incompatible with human rights.
However, this situation, which in the case of Greece is sanctioned by the
Constitution, must not be exploited at the expense of the rights of minorities
and the rights linked to citizenship, which imply prohibition of discrimination
/...