E/CN.4/2003/85/Add.2 page 11 IV. THE INTERCEPTION, DETENTION AND DEPORTATION OF MIGRANTS 28. The Special Rapporteur noted that there are two deportation systems, and that the use of one or the other depends on the origin of the migrants in question. Central Americans are taken to the closest INM facilities, where migrants are held while their cases are being examined and arrangements made for their deportation. This process can last up to two days, depending on the availability of transport. Migrants whose deportation is more complicated owing to the difficulty involved in accompanying them to their countries of origin, or whose migrant status is subject to review, are transferred to the holding centre in Mexico City (the main holding centre for migrants, which was specifically established for this purpose) or to the new holding centre in Champotón, where they remain until their cases are decided. Migrants in this category may be held for months. 29. The Special Rapporteur had the opportunity to visit the migrant holding centres in Tapachula and Veracruz, and others situated on Mexico’s northern border with the United States. She noted that detention conditions varied depending on the place and the number of migrants detained. She also noted that all the facilities visited had been improvised for the purpose. Many facilities do not have beds, and migrants are accommodated on the floor, in corridors and in INM offices. The Special Rapporteur took note of the overcrowding of the Tapachula holding centre, which is not equipped to house the number of migrants intercepted in the area. When INM facilities are unable to accommodate more people, migrants may be interned in municipal prisons, which are not suited for the detention of migrants. The security bodies responsible for administering these prisons allegedly lack the necessary training to deal with migrants in this situation, and often treat migrants as criminals. Although in most cases migrants remain in such holding centres for only a few hours, the Special Rapporteur considers that the facilities are unsuitable for detention with due respect for migrants’ dignity. 30. In August 2001, the INM announced that the migrant holding centre in the Federal District was to be refurbished and expanded. During her visit to the centre, the Special Rapporteur observed problems of sanitation and overcrowding, and noted that the centre was in urgent need of renovation. Furthermore, according to statements gathered during the visit, the food provided is insufficient and not adequate for a centre that receives people with very different cultural backgrounds. For example, many meals containing pork are served to persons whose religion forbids them to eat that kind of meat. The Special Rapporteur noted with deep concern the discriminatory and humiliating treatment accorded to occupants of different cultures, religions and ethnic groups. In her presence, one Pakistani occupant was contemptuously called “Osama”, since Muslim occupants are erroneously considered to be terrorists. 31. She also observed that medical care was poor and that some occupants were cared for by other persons held in the centre. The Special Rapporteur was informed of the case of Emilio Capussi Naomi, a citizen of Côte d’Ivoire, who was being held in such conditions in spite of the fact that he was suffering from diabetes mellitus, both of his legs had been amputated and he had an open wound on the remaining part of his right leg. A doctor had said that he required