CRC/C/KHM/CO/2-3 (d) Organizing prosecutors and judges; mandatory training for law enforcement officials, (e) Adopting appropriate measures to facilitate recovery and access to educational opportunities for former child workers, in a gender-sensitive manner. Children in street situations 69. The Committee expresses concern about the lack of specific mechanisms and resources to address the problem of children in street situations and to provide those children with adequate assistance. The Committee is particularly concerned about the “cleaning up the streets” operations conducted by the police, such as the one carried out in early 2008 and during which many children in street situations were sent to two rehabilitation centres (Koh Romduol and Prey Speu) run by the Phnom Penh Department of the Ministry of Social Affairs, illegally confined and subjected to a variety of abuses which, in some cases, resulted in their death, including by suicide. 70. The Committee urges the State party to: (a) Take all necessary measures to protect children in street situations, ensure that they are provided with recovery and reintegration services and prioritize family and community-based interventions aimed at reuniting these children into their families; (b) Stop conducting “cleaning up the streets” operations and treating children in street situations as offenders, but rather address their situation in a manner that respects their rights and dignity; and (c) Launch independent investigations into the detention and abuse of children in Koh Romduol and Prey Speu centres and provide in its next periodic report comprehensive information about the outcome of those investigations. Sexual exploitation and abuse 71. The Committee expresses deep concern that thousands of children are exploited into prostitution in the State party and that rape of children is on the rise in the State party, with most sexual abuse and exploitation being committed by nationals of the State party. The Committee is also seriously concerned that child sex tourism has been increasing in recent years and that an alarming proportion of children are exposed to sexual violence and pornography, especially through the Internet. The Committee is further concerned that: (a) Perpetrators of child sexual abuse and exploitation are rarely prosecuted due notably to the widespread practice of out-of-court settlement and compensation in sexual abuse cases which is encouraged by law enforcement authorities; (b) Limited action is taken against sex offenders and those who run brothels or other sex establishments where under-age girls are sexually exploited; (c) Psychosocial rehabilitation services and shelters for children victims of sexual abuse and exploitation are mainly concentrated in the capital and run mainly by nongovernmental organizations. 72. The Committee urges the State party to: (a) Strengthen its efforts to implement its legislation, criminalizing sexual exploitation and abuse with a view to ensuring that those who perpetrate sexual offences against children are duly brought to justice and sanctioned with appropriate penalties; 17