E/CN.4/1995/78/Add.1 page 21 74. In a nationwide survey of college newspaper editors, it was revealed that on 7 out of every 10 campuses there is at least one incident of racial violence every school year. There are close to 3,000 colleges and universities in the United States. 46/ 75. In the State of Texas, a skinhead activist was tried and convicted of murdering an elderly Black man but was only sentenced to 10 years’ probation by a White jury; in Florida, a Black tourist was kidnapped on New Year’s Eve 1992 by three White men shouting racial slurs, who then doused him with gas, set him afire and left him for dead; in Georgia, Mexican Americans were targeted by the Ku Klux Klan; the constant intimidation and harassment caused a number of families to move out of the State; in the State of Washington, an Ethiopian immigrant was beaten to death by neo-Nazis and skinhead activists; in North Carolina, a Native American political activist was murdered under mysterious circumstances after he exposed corruption among local officials; in Maryland, two women of colour were chased by Whites, doused with kerosene and would have been set on fire, except for the intervention of neighbours; in California and Washington State, the local offices of the National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People (NAACP) were bombed in the same week; a few years earlier the organization’s southern regional office and Jacksonville, Florida branch offices had received letter bombs. An NAACP attorney was killed by a letter bomb that same year. I. Antisemitism 76. Antisemitism is on the rise in the United States; it is associated with anti-zionism and the denial of the Jewish holocaust. Its most virulent expressions are to be found in the political activities of prominent leaders such as Patrick Buchanan and David Duke, a former candidate in the 1992 presidential elections. Jewish organizations also attribute antisemitic tendencies to the leader of the Nation of Islam, Louis Farrakhan, and speak of an alliance between the Black Caucus - the group of Black Congressmen - and this organization. 47/ It is worth mentioning that relations between the African American and Jewish communities, which were extremely close during the civil rights struggle (1950-1960), gradually deteriorated into mutual mistrust and wrangling. 48/ In recent years, African Americans have rekindled old animosity about the involvement of Jewish shipowners and merchants in the slave trade and denounced Jewish opposition to affirmative action programmes, etc. In turn, the Jews have complained of collusion between African American leaders and the Nation of Islam and the support given by its leader, Louis Farrakhan, to antisemitic arguments. Efforts are under way to bring the two communities together - both of them being faced with racism themselves. 49/ 77. Antisemitism is not just propagated by political leaders, but also by the extreme right-wing and neo-nazi movements and organizations referred to in the previous section. Mention should also be made of the Liberty Lobby, the most important antisemitic propaganda organization in the United States, according to the Institute of Jewish Affairs. The Lobby, which was founded in 1958 by Willis A. Carto, publishes a newspaper, Spotlight, for 800,000 readers and also owns a radio station, Free America, relayed by 300 other radio stations