A/HRC/16/29 minorities are entitled but are not being enjoyed and for what reasons. The second step is to identify and promote structures and settings to improve the situation of minorities. As a third step, the tool proposes a checklist to identify priority areas for action, clarifying that in situations of serious human rights violations or in armed conflicts priority areas might need to be identified for immediate action. However this should not happen at the expense of a more general protection framework that must cover a wide range of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights. Traditionally, attention has focused primarily on civil and political rights. The tool insists that an analysis of the situation of minorities would be incomplete without a thorough assessment of their enjoyment of economic, social and cultural rights, with particular attention being paid to the situation of women and of children. Finally Part III recommends using innovative approaches to awareness-raising and provides specific checklists to promote the rights of women and children belonging to minorities and effective participation in public affairs. XI. The United Nations Development Programme Resources Guide and Toolkit on Minorities (2010) 42. Marginalised Minorities in Development Programming: A UNDP Resource Guide and Toolkit (2010) (“The Toolkit”) provides essential guidance and practical tools on minority issues for United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) field staff and other practitioners. The document aims to clarify the conceptual issues and fundamental principles relating to the promotion and protection of minorities. It also offers approaches on how to use the available international and regional standards to engage minorities in development programming processes, influence policy choices and increase their opportunities for meaningful participation and representation. 43. The Toolkit is divided into four parts. Part I examines the key conceptual issues and fundamental principles for the promotion and protection of minority rights. First, it identifies objective and subjective criteria for defining minorities and outlines minority rights and protection, underlining that recognition of minorities facilitates development, peaceful coexistence and democratic governance. Part I also provides details as to the positive and negative obligations of States to respect, protect and fulfil identity rights, which are key factors in managing diversity and creating stability. Education is presented as a key component in the protection of minority identity. Issues of particular concern are access to education, the language of educational instruction and the cultural content of education. Access of minorities to education is often hampered by fewer resources made available to schools in areas where minorities live, and segregation of minority children from mainstream schools. In addition, minorities tend to have access only to lower levels of educational attainment. Both direct and indirect discrimination play a role in this. The curricula and textbooks used might perpetuate discriminatory attitudes towards minorities. Therefore States are required not only to ensure equal access for all to education, but to ensure non-discrimination in the quality of education provided as well. 44. Part II of the Toolkit also reviews programming opportunities and relevant strategies for UNDP to integrate minorities in development, including capacity development support for Government officials and institutions, UNDP staff and minorities, as well as possible entry points for effective advocacy and partnership building efforts. The Toolkit specifies that the strategy for integrating minorities in development programmes will vary with the national context. It proposes four indicative steps to ensure the inclusion of minorities in Common Country Assessment (CCA) and the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF). Part II also points out that another important strategy to reduce the exclusion of minorities is to build the capacity of Governments and other partners to integrate minorities into development programme. 11