E/CN.4/2006/5/Add.1 Page 30 the grave offence caused by the cartoons and at the violent response the cartoons had provoked and they made a special call for tolerance and dialogue. The Special Rapporteurs acknowledged that while both freedom of religion and freedom of expression should be equally respected, the exercise of the right to freedom of expression carries with it special duties and responsibilities. It requires good judgment, tolerance and a sense of responsibility. Furthermore the Special Rapporteurs feel that peaceful expression of opinions and ideas, either orally, through the press or other media, should always be tolerated. The press must enjoy large editorial freedom to promote a free flow of news and information, within and across national borders, thus providing an arena for debate and dialogue. Nevertheless, the use of stereotypes and labeling that insult deep-rooted religious feelings do not contribute to the creation of an environment conducive to constructive and peaceful dialogue among different communities. Egypt Communication sent on 26 May 2005 117. The Special Rapporteur brought to the attention of the Government additional reports related to the requirement to mention one's belief on identity cards and other documents. It had been alleged that the forms currently contain three religious affiliations to choose from: Islam, Christianity and Judaism and that it was impossible for members of other religious groups or non-believers to indicate their religion or leave the space blank. In its reply dated June 2004 the Government of Egypt had indicated that the concerned persons had committed a criminal act by forging their identity cards. However, several persons of different fates alleged that they were forced to forge the identity card forms, because otherwise they would have to lie about their religious affiliation in order to obtain a card. There were further reports that some persons had been refused marriage on the basis of the religion indicated on their identity cards. This issue has also been the subject of an earlier communication, sent on 15 April 2004. Communication sent on 12 July 2005 118. The Special Rapporteur has brought the following situation to the attention of the Government: In 1977, Manqateen’s Coptic community in El-Minya, Upper Egypt, applied to the authorities for a permit to build a church to carry the name of Anba Antonious. At the time of the communication, no approval had been issued. Egyptian legislation requires a prior approval by the State Security Agency for building or operating a Christian establishment, contrary to Islamic establishments or mosques which can be opened anywhere and operate freely. When, in 1978, the Copts of Manqateen started building the church despite not having been authorised, the construction site was attacked on several occasions by groups of Muslims. Subsequently police ordered to halt construction. In 1999, following a request by the villages’ Copts, Ministry of Interior officials conducted an inspection. In their conclusions adopted in

Select target paragraph3