E/CN.4/2006/5/Add.1
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the grave offence caused by the cartoons and at the violent response the cartoons had
provoked and they made a special call for tolerance and dialogue. The Special
Rapporteurs acknowledged that while both freedom of religion and freedom of
expression should be equally respected, the exercise of the right to freedom of
expression carries with it special duties and responsibilities. It requires good
judgment, tolerance and a sense of responsibility. Furthermore the Special
Rapporteurs feel that peaceful expression of opinions and ideas, either orally, through
the press or other media, should always be tolerated. The press must enjoy large
editorial freedom to promote a free flow of news and information, within and across
national borders, thus providing an arena for debate and dialogue. Nevertheless, the
use of stereotypes and labeling that insult deep-rooted religious feelings do not
contribute to the creation of an environment conducive to constructive and peaceful
dialogue among different communities.
Egypt
Communication sent on 26 May 2005
117.
The Special Rapporteur brought to the attention of the Government
additional reports related to the requirement to mention one's belief on identity cards
and other documents. It had been alleged that the forms currently contain three
religious affiliations to choose from: Islam, Christianity and Judaism and that it was
impossible for members of other religious groups or non-believers to indicate their
religion or leave the space blank. In its reply dated June 2004 the Government of
Egypt had indicated that the concerned persons had committed a criminal act by
forging their identity cards. However, several persons of different fates alleged that
they were forced to forge the identity card forms, because otherwise they would have
to lie about their religious affiliation in order to obtain a card. There were further
reports that some persons had been refused marriage on the basis of the religion
indicated on their identity cards. This issue has also been the subject of an earlier
communication, sent on 15 April 2004.
Communication sent on 12 July 2005
118.
The Special Rapporteur has brought the following situation to the attention of
the Government:
In 1977, Manqateen’s Coptic community in El-Minya, Upper Egypt, applied
to the authorities for a permit to build a church to carry the name of Anba
Antonious. At the time of the communication, no approval had been issued.
Egyptian legislation requires a prior approval by the State Security Agency
for building or operating a Christian establishment, contrary to Islamic
establishments or mosques which can be opened anywhere and operate
freely.
When, in 1978, the Copts of Manqateen started building the church despite
not having been authorised, the construction site was attacked on several
occasions by groups of Muslims. Subsequently police ordered to halt
construction. In 1999, following a request by the villages’ Copts, Ministry of
Interior officials conducted an inspection. In their conclusions adopted in