A/HRC/40/64
Rights of the Child. He referred to the need for steps to address this lack of clarity in his
first speech to the General Assembly in October 2017.
A.
Country visits
9.
In pursuance of his mandate to promote the implementation of the Declaration on
the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities
and to identify best practices in every region, the Special Rapporteur looks forward to
continuing a dialogue with Cameroon, India, Jordan, Kenya, Nepal, South Africa, South
Sudan, the Syrian Arab Republic, Timor-Leste and Vanuatu, to whom he has made requests
to visit.
10.
The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the States that accepted visits by previous
mandate holders for their good offices and cooperation, and encourages other States,
including those to which requests for visits have been made, to engage positively with the
mandate. Country visits have helped in addressing fundamental issues pertaining to
minorities and in creating effective communication channels to bring together the means to
improve technical cooperation and respond to the need to capitalize on existing and
evolving positive practices. In addition to country visits, the Special Rapporteur will ensure
continuous and consistent exchanges with Member States on all matters relevant to the
mandate.
11.
In all of his missions, the Special Rapporteur focuses on the importance of
addressing discrimination, exclusion and other violations of human rights involving
particularly vulnerable minorities, such as Roma, of doubly or triply marginalized minority
women, and issues pertaining to deaf and hearing-impaired persons who, as users of sign
language, are members of linguistic minorities. During his country visits, the Special
Rapporteur emphasizes the need to have consultations with members of those marginalized
groups and communities.
12.
The Special Rapporteur undertook an official mission to Slovenia from 5 to 13 April
2018 (A/HRC/40/64/Add.1). He also conducted a mission to Botswana from 12 to 24
August 2018 (A/HRC/40/64/Add.2).
13.
Despite being sometimes viewed as largely mono-ethnic, Botswana is diverse in
ethnic and linguistic terms, though perhaps less so in relation to the religious make-up and
compared with some of its neighbours. Ethnolinguistic communities, for example, can be
divided into five broad groups: Tswana, Basarwa, Bakgalagadi, Wayeyi and Hambukushu.
Officially, some 28 languages are acknowledged in the country, while the Tswana are
comprised of eight subgroups or tribes – Bakgatla, Bakwena, Balete, Bangwaketse,
Bangwato, Barolong, Batawana and Batlokwa – which use mutually intelligible language
varieties collectively known as Setswana. Together they may constitute a demographic
majority, though this is sometimes contested. Some stress the perceived unreliability of the
disaggregated data in the last population census in 2011, which asked for language spoken
by all family members at home, rather than an individual’s mother tongue, in the
determination of ethnicity or language identification. The figures in this last census
indicated 77.3 per cent of the population spoke Setswana at home, 7.4 per cent used
Kalanga, 3.4 per cent Kgalagadi, 2 per cent Shona, 1.7 per cent Tshwa, 1.6 per cent
Mbukushu and 1 per cent Ndebele. Members of the deaf community who use sign language
are present in Botswana and are considered to be members of a linguistic minority for the
purposes of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur. There is, however, an absence of recent
disaggregated data on the situation of minorities and on matters such as ethnicity, religion
or language.
14.
The Basarwa, also known as the San, appear to be among the countries most
marginalized minorities. They include several groups and are, conservatively, estimated to
number some 60,000 people, and are usually considered to be the indigenous peoples of
Southern Africa. Botswana voted in favour of adopting the United Nations Declaration on
the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
4