A/HRC/25/58/Add.1
became a Reverend in the Methodist church. Likewise, others told him they were from
Christian families and had later turned to Islam, again typically with the full approval of
their families. Some converts keep their original first names, with the result that a person
who has a typically Muslim first name may nonetheless be Christian or vice versa. For
instance, one man who had been called Muhammad at birth adopted the name Francis after
converting to Catholicism, but also kept his original name, thus calling himself Francis
Muhammad.
21.
Whereas in many countries, conversion de facto implies breaking away from one’s
family background, the situation in Sierra Leone is markedly different in that conversion is
not merely a formally guaranteed right, but also a widely accepted practice, mostly
endorsed by families, communities and religious leaders of different denominations. This
makes religious pluralism in Sierra Leone a dynamic pluralism in the sense that religious
communities can grow and develop. Moreover, people do not generally encounter problems
when bearing witness to their faith in private or in public and they can also freely invite
others to join their community.
D.
Attitudes towards traditional African religion
22.
Traditional African religion constitutes a part of the country’s rich cultural heritage
and is largely appreciated as such. While some healing rituals and other traditional
ceremonies continue to be practised widely, frequently under the auspices of Islam or
Christianity, the Special Rapporteur also noticed more ambivalent or sceptical attitudes
expressed by some discussants towards traditional African religion.
23.
In a gathering that took place in the district of Moyamba, one of the speakers who
came from a traditional background conjectured that 85 per cent of Muslims and Christians
also feel attached to African spirituality. He furthermore contended that traditional African
spirituality constitutes the common denominator between different religious denominations
and thus contributes to the amicable relations between Muslims and Christians in Sierra
Leone. Similar views were also expressed at a meeting of the Union of Traditional Healers
in Freetown that the Special Rapporteur attended. The chairperson of the Union of
Traditional Healers saw the spiritual unity of humankind evidenced in the common colour
of human blood. While people may display different colours on the surface of their skin,
deep down, he said, “we all share the same colour and hence the same spirit”. Such
positions seem to be widely shared in Sierra Leone.
24.
Many Muslims and Christians in turn respect traditional African religion based on
the assumption or ascription that it represents just another form of monotheistic spirituality.
As one interlocutor expressed it, “when worshiping a mountain or a big tree, people
ultimately worship the one supreme power which we call God”. The Special Rapporteur
heard repeated opinions and assessments to this effect. At the same time, he also came
across more reluctant attitudes towards traditional African religion, which some speakers
mainly associated with superstitious practices and a widespread belief in witchcraft. On a
number of occasions, people even questioned whether traditional African spirituality, while
certainly representing cultural “practice”, could actually be called a genuine “religion” or
“belief”.
25.
Whereas information about Islam and Christianity forms part of the curriculum in
elementary schools, traditional African religion is not generally taught in schools. The
Special Rapporteur heard that elements of traditional spirituality might nonetheless become
the subject of teaching, for instance, through the learning of traditional languages.
Organizations representing traditional African religions or beliefs are not members of the
Inter-Religious Council.
8