CRC/C/NGA/CO/3-4 including children in street situations and orphans, being forced into prostitution in urban centres of the State party. 89. The Committee strongly recommends the State party to take effective measures to prevent and combat sexual exploitation of children. Specifically, the Committee recommends that the State party: (a) Develop appropriate policies and strategies to effectively address sexual exploitation of children, including by disseminating the findings of the National Baseline Survey on Child Protection regarding sexual exploitation of children among relevant authorities; (b) Develop an awareness-raising campaign on schools free from sexual violence and abuse in close cooperation with parents, teachers, school administrators and children; (c) Undertake extensive trainings and other forms of sensitization programs for law enforcement agencies on sexual exploitation and abuse of children and consider the appointment of staff/unit with specialized expertise on this topic; (d) Develop and implement appropriate policies and programs for prevention, recovery and social reintegration of child victims, in accordance with the Declaration and Agenda for Action and the Global Commitment adopted at the 1996, 2001 and 2008 World Congresses against Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children as well as the outcome of other international conferences on this issue. Administration of juvenile justice 90. The Committee appreciates the introduction in the new Child Rights Act of a chapter dedicated to children in conflict with the law and welcomes the establishment of family courts to deal with juvenile offenders, while noting with regret that these have only been established in eight states to date. It also notes the increased training for judges, magistrates and law enforcement officers concerned with juvenile justice and the establishment of specialized police units in charge of children. However, the Committee recalls its serious concern at the existence of the death penalty to persons below 18 under sharia law (CRC/C/15/Add.257, para. 32) and expresses great concern over information indicating that there is not a minimum age for criminal responsibility and that children younger than 18 years of age can be tried and deprived of their liberty in rehabilitation centres or even in detention facilities. The Committee is also concerned at the remaining number of children in adult jails and ill-treatment of children in custody by police, including in pretrial detention, and the absence of penal procedural rules during their trial before the family courts. 91. The Committee reiterates its previous recommendation that the State party bring the system of juvenile justice fully in line with the Convention, in particular articles 37, 39 and 40, and with other relevant standards including the Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (the Beijing Rules), the Guidelines for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency (the Riyadh Guidelines), the Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty (the Havana Rules), the Vienna Guidelines for Action on Children in the Criminal Justice System; and the Committee’s general comment No. 10 (2007) on the rights of the child in juvenile justice. In this regard, the Committee recommends that the State party, inter alia: (a) Ensure with immediate effect that neither the death penalty nor life sentence are imposed for offences committed by persons under 18 years of age; 23

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