CRC/C/NGA/CO/3-4
Economic exploitation, including child labour
82. The Committee notes the public awareness campaigns to combat economic exploitation
of children and the undertaking of a survey in 2008 to identify the prevalence and nature of
child labour as well as information on the establishment of child labour units in all states,
and the formulation of a draft policy on child labour. The Committee however remains
seriously concerned at the very high number of children engaged in worst forms of child
labour, in particular reports of forced child labour in agriculture, construction, mining and
quarrying, involving the trafficking of children from neighbouring countries. While noting
the provisions prohibiting worst forms of child labour in the Labour Act (1990) and the
Child Rights Act and information on an ongoing review of labour laws with regard to child
labour, the Committee remains concerned that the State party lacks a comprehensive list
determining the types of hazardous work that shall not be performed by children under 18
years of age.
83. The Committee urges the State party to take all appropriate steps to eliminate
exploitative child labour. Specifically, the Committee urges the State party:
(a) To ensure that the child labour units are adequately resourced so as to
strengthen their monitoring activities, in close cooperation with the Child
Development Department and the Federal Ministry of Women Affairs and
Social Development;
(b) To adopt a comprehensive list of exploitative and hazardous work
prohibited to persons under the age of 18 as recommended by the ILO
Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and
Recommendations;
(c) To ensure the effective enforcement of applicable sanctions against persons
violating existing legislation on child labour, including by raising awareness of
international standards relating to child labour among labour inspectors, the
general public and law enforcement agencies.
Children in street situations
84. The Committee notes the efforts of the State party to provide children in street
situations with appropriate solutions to their difficult situation. The Committee is of the
view that endemic poverty has direct implications on children with many being sent to the
streets where they engage in hawking or other forms of work to support the family income.
The Committee is also alarmed by the increase in the number of children in street situations
and that children can be penalized under criminal law for “status offences”, such as
vagrancy, truancy or wandering.
85. The Committee recommends the State party:
(a) To undertake an in-depth study and statistical analysis on the causes and
scope of the phenomenon of children in street situations in Nigeria;
(b) To develop a national strategy to support children in street situations;
(c) To prevent other children from living and working in the street, including
the alamajiri children, by ensuring that children in street situations are
provided with adequate nutrition, clothing, housing, health care and
educational opportunities, including vocational and life-skills training, in order
to support their full development;
(d) To abrogate laws which criminalize vagrancy, truancy or wandering and
other “status offences” for children.
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