justification, this is discrimination. In such cases, States must take immediate and effective measures to redress the situation and monitor developments to assess the need for additional measures; − Outside the formal education system, public education policies and measures, such as adult and life-long learning, should also promote respect for diversity and the integration of society. Security and law enforcement 46. Security and law-enforcement agencies should be professional, accountable and fully respectful of human rights. They should reflect the diversity of society and be designed to meet the needs of all segments of the population, including minorities, through targeted policies, where appropriate. A lack of interaction and co-operation between security and law-enforcement structures and persons belonging to minorities can lead to negative reactions from minority communities and even conflict.117 Inter-ethnic relations and the integration of society can be improved when the police service is representative of the community it serves and when communication between police and minority communities is enhanced. Integration policies should mainstream the principles underlying these Guidelines by elaborating and implementing policies on security and law enforcement, including, in particular, with regard to recruitment and representation, training and personal development, operational practices, and prevention and management of conflict. The armed forces can also play a constructive role in the integration of society. While their role and relations with the public at large differ, many of the principles concerning law enforcement also apply to the armed forces. 117 As underlined by the Recommendations on Policing in Multi-Ethnic Societies, 2006. Guidelines on Integration of Diverse Societies 57