rights that allow for religious freedom and the expression of religious diversity, including in public spaces. In the context of integration of diverse societies, individuals and/or groups can reach solutions acceptable to all to the issues they face through negotiation and mutual accommodation. The outcomes of negotiation are likely to be more sustainable and thus better contribute to lasting stability when both majorities and minorities are willing to accommodate the claims of the other parties to the extent possible. Such negotiations should be conducted within institutional and procedural frameworks that enable effective participation and fair decision-making. In addition to offering a greater chance of successful outcomes, the simple act of engaging in genuine negotiation can enhance participation by all groups in society. Inclusion and effective participation 9. Integration policies should be based on inclusion and should thus strive for a situation in which everyone enjoys full membership in their society, equal access to public goods and services, and equal opportunities. Effective participation on an equal footing by all members of society in social, economic and cultural life and in public affairs should be mainstreamed. Establishing full membership in society, equal opportunities and equal treatment for all, including in accessing public goods and services, should be guiding principles when developing integration policies. This means that States have to proactively promote diversity and create conditions for everyone to feel like and act as full members of that society. The sense of belonging to a common society implies that, when the right conditions are in place, individuals, irrespective of their identity, should not only respect the legislation and the rights of others,34 but should also avoid self-isolation and take full advantage of their opportunities to channel claims through the legitimate instruments provided by the authorities. Integration policies should support and promote the effective participation on an equal footing of all members of society, irrespective of their belonging to minorities or majorities, in all aspects of the State’s social, economic and cultural life and in public affairs. This requires, inter alia, the existence of comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation and its effective monitoring and it may include the 34 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, article 29.2, and FCNM, article 20. Guidelines on Integration of Diverse Societies 19