A/76/434
28. This comprehensive understanding of racism extends to the recognition of the
victims of racism in the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action. The following
groups are all included within its scope: 25
(a)
Indigenous peoples;
(b)
Victims of trafficking;
(c)
Africans and people of African descent;
(d)
Asians and people of Asian descent;
(e)
Migrants;
(f)
Refugees, asylum seekers and internally displaced persons;
(g)
Mestizo populations of mixed ethnic and racial origins;
(h)
Religious communities;
(i)
Jewish communities;
(j)
Muslim communities;
(k)
Arab communities;
(l)
Palestinian people;
(m) Ethnic, cultural, linguistic and religious minorities;
(n)
Roma, Gypsies, Sinti and Travellers;
(o)
Women and girls;
(p)
Children and young people;
(q)
People infected or affected by HIV/AIDS;
(r)
Persons with disabilities.
29. The exclusion of any mention of caste or descent-based discrimination was a
major blow to Dalit and other groups that had been mobilized by the Conference to
fight caste-based discrimination. 26 However, despite this blow, groups fighting caste
discrimination were able to use the Durban process to forge a solidarity movement
that successfully promoted the recognition of descent-based discrimination in other
forums. 27
30. In addition to Member States’ recognition of discrete victim groups, the Durban
Declaration and Programme of Action is also groundbreaking for their consideration
therein of “multiple discrimination”, 28 where experiences of racism are mediated
through gender, youth, religion, migration status, ethnic, cu ltural or linguistic identity,
class, disability and other social categories. This consideration of intersectional
discrimination shows how the document was generative of the gender-mainstreaming
projects and migration-sensitive policies that have been integrated into the
non-discrimination framework. The recognition of multiple discrimination is also key
for underscoring the need for disaggregated data, which can reveal both interracial
and ethnic inequalities and intraracial and ethnic inequity.
__________________
25
26
27
28
10/26
Declaration, paras. 22, 30, 35–36, 48, 53, 56, 60–61, 63, 66, 68–69, 72 and 75; and Programme
of Action, para. 57.
See Bob, “Dalit rights are human rights”, p. 185; and submission by the International Dalit
Solidarity Network.
Ibid.
See, for example, Programme of Action, para. 104 (c).
21-15325